Brush with the Klan
Turner briefly describes a situation in which a white woman nearly reported her to the Klan. At the time (likely during the 1920s or 1930s), a white woman had visited the office of North Carolina Mutual and believed that Turner and her co-worker, Eula, had insulted her. Although the situation was assuaged, Turner's comments reveal the kinds of racial tensions that sometimes shaped the experiences of the prominent African American business.
Citing this Excerpt
Oral History Interview with Viola Turner, April 17, 1979. Interview C-0016. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007) in the Southern Oral History Program Collection, Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Full Text of the Excerpt
- WALTER WEARE:
-
How did you get involved with the threat to report to the Klan?
- VIOLA TURNER:
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Oh! That was just one of those things with the dear old South. There was
a lady that I understand she was one of the more well-to-do families for
some time in Durham. They had hit upon hard times. And that had
necessitated her to doing some work for a living. What she was doing was
collecting bills for one of the companies. Maybe for several of the
companies, I don't know. But she came up one day. And Eula—you've heard
us talking about Eula—Eula is this friend of mine who's very, very, very
fair. There's no way to just say Eula's fair. She's just too white, and
with this sort of auburn hair, too straight, too stringy. She has to
wash it certainly not later than every week, for it to fluff out. Well,
anyhow, Eula and I were in the same office—her desk right at the door of
Mr. Avery whom she was working for, and mine was over here, for Mr.
Merritt, whose office was next door. And this woman came in, and of
course we didn't know the half of the background of who she was, or why
she probably had an attitude to start with, with the very idea she was
working. And then she had to come into a Negro business and
all that sort of thing. So she walks in and she
says, ‘Is Jimmy in?’ Well this time we didn't have to put on an act.
Didn't anybody know a Jim. And it hadn't even dawned on us who she was
talking about. So she was addressing Eula, who was right there. So we
asked her the question, ‘Jim?’ Well, she made it worse. She said, ‘Jim
Emery!’ Well, now we're really out in left field. Mr. Avery was named
John.
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[START OF TAPE 6, SIDE A]
- VIOLA TURNER:
-
She thought it was right here. So finally either you or I—I don't know
which of us at that time—said, ‘Are you talking about Mr. Avery?
Avery?’; And she said, ‘Yes.’ And all of this time she is acting
indignant, very impatient. And I'm joining in, asking who she's talking
about, and Eula. So when we finally get together that she is talking
about Mr. Avery, Eula ushers her in. Well, now, at that point, so far as
I know, I was innocent as a new born child. I hadn't done a living thing
to the lady, nor had Eula. We were confused on who she wanted, and I
don't think either of us acted in such a way that we added to her
indignation. But evidently her whole attitude was resentment that she
was there at that particular place, doing that particular thing. So
that's when she walked out. She walked right up to Eula and she says,
‘What is your name?’ Eula looked up at her and said, ‘Miss Wade’, you
know. I'm sitting over in the corner, and I am so sure that the woman is
shocked at Eula putting that prefix ‘Miss’ to it, you know, instead of
saying, ‘Mary’, or ‘Sally’, or ‘Sue’. When Eula said, ‘Miss Wade’, I
said ‘Hmph!’ Just about like that: ‘Hmph!’ That woman wheeled out of
that. I guess like the madam in the old days,
wheeled out and went to the elevator, bzzz, bzzz, bzzz, bzzz. Well,
really, I didn't do enough of that, loudly enough, for
either Eula or I to laugh about it. It was just one of
those things, automatic. She asked her, and we felt sure from the way
she doing, everything about herself, she was expecting Eula to say,
‘Eula’, or ‘;Mary’, or ‘Sally’. Eula said, ‘Miss Wade’, and I said
‘Hmph!’ So about fifteen or twenty minutes later, Mr. Merritt comes up
the stairs and he says, ‘Miss Viola, did you offend a lady that was up
here? What did you do to the lady that was up here?’ ‘What lady?’ He
said, ‘Miss so-and-so.’ I didn't know who Miss so-and-so is. I said,
‘No. Not that I know anything about.’ He says, `Well when I came in the
lobby, she's sitting (at that time we had marble all around there you
could sit on; there wasn't any switchboard or anything) there crying.
She looked up and saw me and she said, `Oh, Ed!" She was so glad to see
him. She said she was just sitting there to get herself together because
she was going around to—I believe it was the Lion's Club or something;
anyway it was around Chapel Hill Street—to see her uncle, who was a
member of the Ku Klux Klan, because she had been insulted in that
building. So now Mr. Merritt, oh Lord! You talk about somebody who never
would offend anybody in the world. He starts, ‘Who in the world insulted
you?’ ‘That girl up there in that front office!’ And he said, ‘You mean
Miss Wade?’ ‘No! No, no! That other one over there.’ He said, ‘You can't
mean Miss Viola, can you?’ ‘She's the one, she's the one, she's the
one.’ He said, ‘Oh, no, not Miss Viola.’ See, I had a reputation of
being a real sweet thing. ‘Oh no! I know Miss Viola hasn't done
anything.’ ‘Yes she did, she laughed at me. I'm glad you came along, Ed,
because now I won't do that, but that's exactly what I was going to do.
I was just sitting here getting myself together, because I was going
around to tell my uncle that I'd been insulted over here. And she was
the one who did it!’ So when Ed came up, he came to find out what on
earth Miss Viola had done. I told him, well she was right, I sure had
snickered at her. But I didn't think I had done enough to offend her. I
had no idea she was down there crying or carrying on.