Well, perhaps I should tell you a secret. The reason I went into
voluntary work? Now, I have always done a great deal of voluntary work.
From the time I was three or four years old, I had helped my mother in
Sunday School and from there I went on into other little chores, so it
seems to me like all my life, I've done voluntary work. But when I came
to Chapel Hill to do graduate work, Guy and I both promised each other
that we would concentrate on our studies and not be tempted to get
involved in volunteer activities. So, until 1937, I did nothing in
community work, stuck to my job of research and my children and my home.
But in 1937, I think that I already told you I was elected PTA
President. Well, then I did very little volunteer work until we came
back from Atlanta and I had had to resign from the history department to
go to Atlanta to join Guy. And I naturally wanted to pick up with my
work and went to Mr. Connor, who was head of the history department-had
been head of the history department and came back as a Craig
Page 29 Professor of Political Science, or government, I believe. I
said, "Look, now, I want to pick up where I left. I've talked to Dr.
W.W.Pierson the Dean of the Graduate School, and he says that he is
afraid that there are no openings, so what about it?" I said, "Every
time I leave Chapel Hill, I get a wonderful job. When I come back to
Chapel Hill, I get either a part-time job, or nobody wants me to do
anything. How about this? You told me when I took my doctorate and went
into history from sociology, that you would see to it that I had a good
job as long as I wanted to work." He said, "Well, I'll tell you, honey .
. . " in his paternalistic way . . . " I'll tell you, honey, I wouldn't
want you in that history department now. There is too much bitterness
and strife in that department. They are just about to kill each other
over there. I wouldn't want you to get involved in that cross-fire." So,
he said, "Why don't you just go on and do your own work, you haven't
gotten your Racial Ideologies finished, you told me that you wouldn't
let Harper and Row publish it in 1940 when it was cleared for
publication, go on and finish that and by that time, I think that the
situation will have cleared." Then, I went to Bob House, who was
Chancellor of the University, and he had been Secretary of the
Historical Commission when I started doing my research for
Ante-Bellum North Carolina and had been very supportive. So, I
said, "Bob, I have an interesting job in Atlanta, but now I want to come
back to work here. Benny is at Harvard now". (He finished here at
eighteen and went on to do graduate work at Harvard.) and I said, "He
did not go on scholarship, and if we had not sold our house in Atlanta
at an advantage, we would not be able to send him this one year, but
I've got to be able to see him through his graduate work at Harvard. I
have to work." And he said, "No, honey" — again paternalistic — "you
know what happened in the spring when the board of trustees considered
the motion not to let Guy return to the University of North Carolina.
There is this small gang of men still on the board of trustees,
4 who are determined to get rid of Guy,
and they are working every
Page 30 scheme they know, and
you are going to have a big job just saving Guy's professorship for him.
I want you to go out and work in women's organizations and make friends
with the wives of these men who hate Guy, if you do that, you'll solve
the situation. And this is the only thing that will save his neck. Now,
we were able to save his neck when the matter came up at the spring
Board meeting, Cameron Morrison and Josephus Daniels took the floor in
his behalf, and the young men who are friends of Guy's kept quiet and
didn't say anything in his behalf. And you know why, because they too
are afraid of these four or five powerful men who hate the Negro so much
and hate anyone who is giving courses on the Negro that they are going
to get Guy's neck. So you've got to go out and do this, and you have no
choice. You've got to do it." And I immediately was asked to be a
chairman of the Federation of Women's Clubs, International Relations
Chairman, and I organized the Conference on World Affairs, called in
leaders to set that up. I took an office with the state Assocation of
University Women and did all. I worked as hard in these organizations as
I ever did in my research and did become friends, close friends, with
some of the wives, some of them, not all of them, because some of the
wives never stirred out of their homes and I had no entree, but so long
as I had contact with the wives of two or three of the men . . . and
these women would tell me in advance what their husbands were
planning.