Birth control methods and sex education in the early twentieth century
Though Sigmon wanted to have more than two children, the doctor advised against it, so her husband made sure she did not get pregnant. She describes the methods of birth control they used. She also talks about how little she knew about sex and child-rearing before entering marriage. To explain her ignorance, she tells the story of a young woman in her community who did get pregnant before marriage and the shame associated with that.
Citing this Excerpt
Oral History Interview with Nell Putnam Sigmon, December 13, 1979. Interview H-0143. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007) in the Southern Oral History Program Collection, Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Full Text of the Excerpt
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Did you try to raise your children the same way that you were raised, or
did you try to raise them differently?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
I sort of just raised mine like I was raised. I kept them well fed, and I
kept them clean, and they were healthy. [laughter]
The neighbor up there used to say, "How in the world do
you keep your children so nice and clean? They get out here and play in
the dirt and the sand just like all the rest." I said,
"Well, when they get dirty, I bring them in and wash them,
clean them up. And feed them. And I take care of mine, let them take a
nap every day."
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Your mother had eight children, and you only had two?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Yes.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Did you want to have only two children? Was that your plan?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
No, I sort of wanted four children. I wanted two boys and two girls or
three boys and one girl. I don't know. I had my fortune told
one time when I was a young girl
[laughter],
and she told me I was going to get married twice, to a young man
the first time and to an old man the last time.
[laughter] And that I was going to have four children. Well,
I didn't have but the two. I had the boy first and then the
girl. But I never did weigh over a hundred pounds before I was married,
and so I come along and married this great big husband, and my children
were larger than I were, you might say. And so I had to have a Caesarian
both times. So my family was limited. So my husband said,
"Well, we're not going to have any more babies. If
we raise these two and give them an education, we'll be doing
real good." And he said really he didn't care that
much about having any more. The doctor didn't fix me so I
wouldn't have any more. But he said if something
would happen to one of these, maybe it'd be all
right for me to have another. But I and my husband just
didn't want to take no more chances, so we just never did
have more children.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
How did you feel about that?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Well, I sort of went along with him, because him and the doctor thought
it was best that I didn't have any more, because I was taking
a chance the third time. And, too, he didn't want nothing to
happen to either one of these others, so if one would happen to die or
anything that I could have another one. But he didn't take no
chances on me having any more. But there's six
years' difference in my children. And it about worried him to
death the last time I got pregnant. But I got along real good the last
time. But I said the Lord had sure been good to me in so many different
ways, because I had these two little grandsons that filled in for my two
children. [laughter] And I said really, I
had grown up with my children, and now I'm still growing up
with my grand children. [laughter] And so
really it's sort of keeping me young. I don't have
time to think of any illness. All of my health's good. I went
down to Charlotte to a doctor and had a physical, and he
didn't even find one thing wrong like that. I have a little
nervous indigestion, but he said that's caused from acids.
And he told me to stay off the acids, spices and stuff like that and
onions. I can tell it more in things I eat than any other thing, onions
and peppers and spices, stuff like that. That's when it sort
of flares up. So he give me a list of things not to eat. So other than
that, I've got good health. And I said, I think back now,
those Caesarians might have had a lot to do with my health being so
good. Because the doctor had told me that my babies were so large and I
was so small that he would advise me to have a Caesarian, because if I
didn't have that I would have to have a major operation,
which would be a lot worse than having the
Caesarian. So my husband said, "Well, I'm going to
leave it up to you, whatever you think is best." And he said,
"Well, I think it's for the best." So I
went to Charlotte to have my babies. I went to a doctor down there.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
What did you do to keep from getting pregnant after your second child was
born?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Well, I don't know, just take precautions.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Did your husband use rubbers or something?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Well, most of the time. But he was careful not to get me pregnant. And I
took douches a lot. The doctor give me something to take douches
with.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Do douches work to prevent pregnancies?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Well, yes.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Are they pretty foolproof?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
As long as you keep yourself clean, you're not going to get
pregnant.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Sometimes people do get pregnant, though, anyway.
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Yes.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Did you know anything about the facts of life before you got married?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
No, I did not. I didn't know nothing about babies, getting
pregnant, or none of that stuff.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Really?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
No, ma'am!
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
You didn't know a thing?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
No, sir.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
And you were twenty-seven?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Well, after I got that age I did. But I still didn't realize
the responsibility of babies.
[laughter] I raised my first one by the
book.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
What do you mean?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Because I didn't know nothing about babies.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
What book did you have?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
The doctor give me a baby's book.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
Was it Dr. Spock?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
I don't know.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
And you really followed that?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
He give me some other books that he had in the office that
he'd give to young mothers, and I'd read them. But
he said you feed your baby when he cries or acts like he's
hungry, and keep him dry. That makes a good baby, and all that
stuff.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
So when you were growing up, your mother never told you or nobody ever
talked to you about that?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
She didn't tell me nothing about men and all that stuff. I had
to learn that all over. I didn't know anything about
that.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
How did you learn about it?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Just through actual experience. You know, girls didn't do all
that stuff when I was growing up.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
When you were growing up, did you ever hear about people who got pregnant
before they were married?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
Yes, and a girl that I knew got pregnant, and she drank turpentine or
something. But anyway, she had a miscarriage. But when a girl got
pregnant, everybody knew it, didn't it?
[laughter] I know this one girl that used to run around in
our gang… We had a group that we used to buddy with.
We'd go to the mountains, you know, young couples. We was all
single. And we went to the mountains one Sunday, and this Ruby Lee, she
liked this Troy Barger so well. And oh, she loved
him to death, and she did go all out for him. She got pregnant, and a
whole group of us went to see her one Saturday night at her house, and
she was in bed. And this boy I was dating said, "Do you know
what's wrong with Ruby Lee?" And I said,
"No, what?" He said, "She's had a
miscarriage." Well, we all laughed. We didn't really
know what it was all about. And I said, "Do you mean
she's had a miscarriage? Law, I thought she was a nicer girl
than that." Well, they all laughed about it. Well, naturally I
did, too. She thought she had a secret, but everybody knew it.
- JACQUELYN HALL:
-
I wonder how everybody knew. Did the boy tell?
- NELL PUTNAM SIGMON:
-
I guess he told it to the other boys, and that's how the girls
all found it out. [laughter] But I
declare. But he was so good-looking. I dated him one night after him and
her broke up. And I wouldn't wish for a nicer boy. But she
really did love him. She looked like Dorothy Lamour. They said I looked
like Vivian Leigh.