Pressure to cross boundaries and importance of family support
Matthews describes the overwhelming pressure she faced to help pioneer boundary crossing in the integration process. Again, as elsewhere in the interview, she stresses the inhospitable environment, this time focusing on the lack of support from teachers at Cary High School. The passage concludes with Matthews explaining that although the experience was largely negative, she learned that she could get through anything. Additionally, she emphasizes the importance of family support during the integration process. Had she not had a supportive environment at home, Matthews believes she would have left high school feeling very angry and would have joined more militant branches of the civil rights movement.
Citing this Excerpt
Oral History Interview with Gwendolyn Matthews, December 9, 1999. Interview K-0654. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007) in the Southern Oral History Program Collection, Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Full Text of the Excerpt
And so the good thing
about it was, as I said, nobody ever touched us, no one physically. Were
we spit on, yes, nobody wanted to share a locker. Spit at, I should not
say we were spit on because I think that would have been something
different. Spit at, but not spit on. And so, it was not the best two
years of my life. If I could have done something else, I think I would
have done it, but I could not. And it really was… We knew we
were setting a precedent and so we did not, we were just cautioned by
many men from NAACP as well as from my father and the community, not to
do anything that would make it difficult for those who came behind us.
And so that was an awful lot of pressure, I mean an awful lot
of… You know, we were what, sixteen years old, fifteen,
sixteen years old at the time and we'd left friends, we
almost felt… I think that if Brenda and I had not had each
other, it would have been a much more difficult time for us. But we had
each other so we could, you know, that was something. But also we knew
that we could go home and home was a good place to go, because then we
would get the comforting and we would be allowed to cry. And I
don't know if Brenda cried as much as I did, but I did some
crying, I really did. Because it was just very, very difficult. We had
been honor roll students, it became very difficult to keep our grades,
to make good grades. I will not say that… I don't
mean it that way. I'm just saying that it was very difficult
to get good grades.
- PEGGY VAN SCOYOC:
-
Do you think the teachers were harder on you? That they graded you more
harshly?
- GWENDOLYN MATTHEWS:
-
I do, I do. One teacher was Mrs. Crook, who was not, and I'm
calling out her name only because she was… I felt very
comfortable around her. I don't remember which one was
actually… I did not have her as a
teacher. I think because her husband was a minister, because I had him
when I was at Meredith, I also went to Meredith. And so I had him as my
religion teacher at Meredith, and I think maybe that was some of
her… She did not go out of her way, I don't mean
it that way, but she certainly made sure that we were comfortable if we
were ever around her. So Mrs. Crook I specifically remember. To be
honest with you, I do not remember any of my other teacher's
names. I just remember Mrs. Crook because she was very kind toward us
and so we appreciated that. So she was a very kind lady, as I said.
I'm sure it had to be difficult for her even, maybe. I
don't know what her peers thought of her, or maybe they just
expected her to do it because she was a minister's wife, who
knows. But she was very kind. So the turmoil was simply that very few
people talked with us. Very few people asked us any questions or wanted
to know anything about us. And I say that in light of leaving the
environment of a Cary High and eventually going to a Meredith because I
didn't go to college, to Meredith right away. But when I went
to Meredith there were lots of questions, such as do you tan? Why is
your hair like that, because one day I could wear it in an Afro and the
next day I could wear it straight because we pressed it. And they had
all kinds of questions of me, but at Cary High no one asked, wanting to
know anything about us. And I think that was really because of youth,
you know, peer pressure and things of that nature. Those were very
difficult years. I think I've touched on just about
everything, the most difficult times.
What did I learn from the experience? I learned that I could do anything.
That I could go through anything. I don't know when I have
had a period of my life… My mother's no longer
living, but even going through her death let me know I could get through
it because it was very difficult. I was out of the state when she died
and so I was not, I was very sad about that. But I knew I could go
through anything, having gone through that. I also found, or learned,
people have often asked me… Very few
people, by the way, know this about me. I choose not to talk about it,
not because I'm embarrassed or because it's too
painful, it's just a part of my life. Should someone find
out, for instance one of the Sociology teachers found out quite by
accident and asked me to speak at her class, and I did. And so, what I
learned about myself was that I could go through anything, but I also
learned that no every White person is a bad person. I have friends who
went through other circumstances, such as at Ligon High School who are
just angry people about what happened and the fact that Ligon is no
longer a high school. And just all kinds of feelings that they have
going through. I believe I came through with not so much anger because
of my parents. I really, really do. And not that their parents taught
them anything. I just believe that because of my mother's
faith and belief and she prayed for me a lot and prayed with me a lot, I
just think her belief that I could get through this with
God's help is what got me through it. Even though I, at the
time, was not a Christian. But just her willingness to let me come home
and cry in her arms, just her willingness to say, but it's
going to be all right. And her honesty in saying, "Gwen, not
all White people are like that and you have to remember that."
And her constantly saying that, at least three times a week, you know,
helped me not to be so angry and to be so bitter. And I really do
believe that, because I think otherwise the experience was so difficult
that I think I could have come out and been a Black Panther. And I think
that's what prevented me from being so angry and so bitter,
and feeling what an unfair situation to go through and how dare people
spit at me, and what do you mean you don't like me because of
the color of my skin. I still don't understand that. I simply
don't understand that. But I'm not bitter about
the experience.