Breaking the color line and community involvement with Dean Smith
Pollitt continues his description of the impact of Charlie Scott and the breaking of the color line in UNC athletics. In particular, Pollitt focuses on how despite new ground being broached in athletics, African American students still faced discrimination within the larger community. In addition, he describes how the tensions of racial politics played a role in the recruiting of African American basketball Bill Chamberlain shortly thereafter. The passage concludes with Pollitt's comments on how he and Dean Smith also worked for community betterment beyond the integration of university athletics, describing their work towards developing a school breakfast program. (Note: Pollitt argues here that Scott and Chamberlain came to UNC in the late 1950s, but it was actually in the mid- to late 1960s.)
Citing this Excerpt
Oral History Interview with Daniel H. Pollitt, February 15, 1991. Interview L-0064-4. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007) in the Southern Oral History Program Collection, Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Full Text of the Excerpt
- ANN MCCOLL:
-
So he left and signed with the pros. Do you remember anything about the
impression of the students or the community when he came here?
- DANIEL POLLITT:
-
Yes. He got married in maybe his junior year and Dean Smith called me
because we had an apartment in the basement of our house which was sort
of like an English apartment or whatever. It's ground level,
but the ground slopes, so it's the basement but
it's not underground. So Dean Smith called me and asked me if
we could rent our apartment to Charlie Scott and I said,
"There's nobody in it. We'd be happy to
have Charlie Scott." And he said, "Well, you and Dr.
Byne," who was the animal doctor…. That's
not what he is. [laughter] But he was the
only one in town and was very popular and he said he had an apartment
and the two of you are the only people who are willing to take Charlie
Scott, the great basketball player. So he came by and looked at our
apartment. He went to Dr. Byne's and looked at his apartment
and then he decided he would live in Durham where there was a more
congenial neighborhood, so he moved to Durham. So that, I think, speaks
against Chapel Hill. He couldn't get his hair cut
downtown.
- ANN MCCOLL:
-
Would people cheer for him at the games?
- DANIEL POLLITT:
-
Oh, yes.
- ANN MCCOLL:
-
So all the segregation policies were in effect then. This was the late
fifties?
- DANIEL POLLITT:
-
This was before the sit-ins, so this was the fifties, because we were
segregated downtown. He couldn't go to the restaurants and
the theater. We had two movie theaters and he couldn't go to
either one. So that's why he moved to Durham. He could sit in
the balcony. But the interesting thing is a second black might have been
named Chamberlain. Bill Chamberlain, maybe.
I'm sure a lot of people would know. He came down and he was
from Long Island and he had gone to…. I forget the name of
it, but it was something like Lutheran High. It was a church related
school. And he was sought after everywhere. Princeton was after him and
this was the days of Bill Bradley was at Princeton and Princeton was a
great basketball school. And Dean Smith was after him. So he came down
to visit and he brought his mother with him and his father. Dean Smith
asked me to meet with the parents while they took Bill around. I
don't know whatever you do when you recruit. So I was with
the mother and father and I took them for lunch somewhere; probably the
Carolina Inn or somewhere. And they were asking me how their son might
get along. And I said, "Well, it's a segregated
society down here and he can't get his hair cut downtown. But
we've got a very active movement and this is a place where
you can holler if you want to and make a difference and
protest." And I told her, "Now if he goes to
Princeton, he'll be able to get a haircut probably, but
they're going to be racist same as we are here, but it will
be subtle and here it's out in the open. It's
easier to do something about the open stuff than the other."
And I thought, "Well, maybe I shouldn't have said
that. We'll see." But then Dean Smith called me a
week later and told me Bill Chamberlain was going to come here and his
mother urged him to come here because I was the only one who had told
her the truth in all their goings around. Those were the first two black
athletes to come to Carolina and I feel that is one of my major
accomplishments at Chapel Hill. Dean Smith wanted the best
basketball players he could get, but he also wanted to
break the color bar and he's been very good in that.
Somewhere in the early sixties, during the war on poverty days, Sarge
Shriver was head of the OEO and we were trying to get a hot lunch
program at the schools and also a breakfast, with Bob Seymour, the
minister at the Baptist Church who was the head of the Interfaith
Council. He had made a survey and found out that a large percentage of
the minority kids came to school without having had breakfast and that
they would get drowsy and they would yawn around 10:00. At 10:00 they
would get their milk and cookies or crackers or something. But they
would come here hungry and that had an adverse impact on their learning.
So we thought, "Let's get some surplus food which
was cheese and syrup and ham and have some breakfast and try to get OEO
to finance it and everything." And we got a grant for that.
Then the school ended and what we thought of was that it's
important for these kids to have breakfast and a hot lunch, so why
don't we have an expanded summer school? At that time, there
was no summer school or no summer school of substance in the Chapel Hill
school system. So the regular school year was over, so that was not to
be funded and I remember talking to E.D. Smith who was the Vice
Superintendent who had been the principal at the black high school and
they'd made him the head of administrative problems such as
school buses. So they had to make sure there would be a school bus or
two to pick people up and he said he could make the school bus, but he
couldn't pay for the insurance. We'd have to pay
for the insurance. A little technical problem. So there was
a committee appointed of which Dean Smith and I were the
co-chairmen to raise funds to have the summer program where the kids
could go to school, but basically where they could get some hot meals.
I'm saying this because Dean Smith did it and there
aren't very many basketball coaches who would get real
involved in that sort of thing.