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                    <hi rend="bold">Letter from Joseph Caldwell to Rev. William McPheeters, January
                        1, 1834:</hi> Electronic Edition.</title>
                <author>Caldwell, Joseph, 1773-1835</author>
                <funder>Funding from the University Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel
                    Hill supported the electronic publication of this title.</funder>
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                    <name>Bari Helms</name>
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                <edition>First Edition, <date>2005</date>
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                <publisher>The University Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill </publisher>
                <pubPlace>Chapel Hill, North Carolina</pubPlace>
                <date>2005</date>
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                        <title type="collection"> University of North Carolina Papers (#40005),
                            University Archives, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</title>
                        <title type="document">Letter from Joseph Caldwell to Rev. William
                            McPheeters, January 1, 1834</title>
                        <author>Jos. Caldwell</author>
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                        <date value="1834-01-01">1834</date>
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                        <note type="call number">Call number 40005 (University Archives, University
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                    <div1 type="official letter">
                        <pb id="unc04-20-p01" n="1"/>
                        <head>Letter from <name key="pn0000268" reg="Caldwell, Joseph" type="person" rend="yes">Joseph Caldwell</name> to <name key="pn0001165" reg="McPheeters, William" type="person" rend="yes">Rev. William
                                McPheeters</name>, January 1, 1834</head>
                        <opener>
                            <dateline>
                                <name key="name0000165" reg="Chapel Hill, NC" type="place">Chapel Hill</name>
                                <date>Jany. 1, 1834</date>
                            </dateline>
                            <salute>Dear Sir,</salute>
                        </opener>
                        <p>I find that in the present state of my health, and in such weather as we
                            now have, and in the present condition of the roads, it will not be in
                            my power to come to <name key="name0000934" reg="Raleigh, NC" type="place" rend="yes">Raleigh</name>. I hope it will be of little or no
                            consequence whether I do or not.</p>
                        <p>You will find by the papers which are sent in company with this, that
                            four of the professors have had a meeting, and their opinions and
                            proceedings are fully expressed in regard to such regulations and
                            measures as appear to them of consequence to the welfare of the college.
                            These papers are supposed by us to come before the Committee of which
                            you are a member. Should they have the concurrence of the Committee, it
                            will be only to make them or the substance of them such part of their
                            report to the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization" rend="yes">Board</name>, as they may think
                            proper.</p>
                        <p>You mention in your letter sent since my return home that it is likely
                            that the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name> will think it best to have five
                            professors besides the president. We have not considered the principal
                            Tutorship as standing for one of them. We have called the incumbent the
                            First or Principal Tutor. Should<pb id="unc04-20-p02" n="2"/>the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name> be of the opinion that they can consistently constitute a
                            Faculty of the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North Carolina" type="organization">University</name> such as is here presented for
                            their consideration, it will be a more complete and competent body than
                            has yet been furnished. That it is not extravagant, and does not contain
                            unnecessary numbers, will appear by some catalogues which are sent with
                            these papers, showing the corps of instruction in some of the superior
                            and well conducted institutions of our country. Our numbers after all
                            are not nearly equal to what we find in some, but we doubt not they will
                            be sufficient both for the instruction and good government of the
                            institution. With anything short of these, if it be in our power to
                            provide for them, none it is hoped would say that the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Trustees</name> of the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North                                 Carolina" type="organization">University of North Carolina</name>
                            would stop and rest contented.</p>
                        <closer>
                            <salute rend="center">I am Yours: very respectfully &amp; sincerely</salute>
                            <signed>
                                <name key="pn0000268" reg="Caldwell, Joseph" type="person">Jos.
                                    Caldwell</name>
                            </signed>
                        </closer>
                        <pb id="unc04-20-bk" n="Back"/>
                    </div1>
                    <div1 type="report">
                        <pb id="unc04-20-p03" n="1"/>
                        <div2 type="report">
                            <p>On the 24<hi rend="sup">th</hi> of December 1833, a meeting of
                                professors was held at the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of                                     North Carolina" type="organization">University</name>. The
                                following persons were present: <name key="pn0000268" reg="Caldwell,                                     Joseph" type="person">Jos. Caldwell</name>, <name key="pn0001194" reg="Mitchell, Elisha" type="person" rend="yes">Elisha
                                Mitchell</name>, <name key="pn0000783" reg="Hooper, William (b. 1792)" type="person" rend="yes">William Hooper</name>, and <name key="pn0001360" reg="Phillips, James" type="person" rend="yes">James Phillips</name>. <name key="pn0000033" reg="Anderson,                                     Walker" type="person">William Anderson</name> being absent from
                                home at the time, his attendance could not be obtained.</p>
                            <p>It was explained to the meeting by one of the members present, that
                                at a session of the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board of Trustees</name> recently held in
                                    <name key="name0000934" reg="Raleigh, NC" type="place" rend="yes">Raleigh</name>, it had become an object to devise and adopt the
                                most eligible scheme of instruction and internal regulation
                                especially for the Sophomore and Freshman Classes, which the present
                                state of the institution will admit.</p>
                            <p>For the accomplishment of this object a select Committee had been
                                appointed by the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name>. In prosecuting the business
                                assigned to them, the Committee had requested of the professors, or
                                as many of them as could be assembled, such suggestions and
                                expositions as might be pertinent to the object proposed, and most
                                instrumental in its attainment.</p>
                            <p>After deliberation the professors would offer the following plan as
                                the most eligible that occurs to them in<pb id="unc04-20-p04" n="2"/>existing circumstances.</p>
                            <p>It is proposed that there shall be three Tutors, of whom one is to be
                                styled the first or principal Tutor. His business as an instructor
                                is to teach the latin and french languages, with a salary of
                                $750 a year.</p>
                            <p>A second Tutor is proposed to give instruction exclusively in greek,
                                and a third in mathematics.</p>
                            <p>From the opportunity which the professors have had in times past, of
                                being conversant with the influences which act upon young men in
                                regard to the tutorships, it is thought that the salary of
                                $400 is not sufficient to induce persons of competent
                                qualifications to accept these offices. In our own <name key="name0000745" reg="North Carolina" type="place">State</name>,
                                the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North Carolina" type="organization">University</name> itself is the source to
                                which we are to look principally, if not entirely for young men who
                                can act with requisite ability as Tutors. We shall not possess the
                                advantages common to the colleges of our country, if we be not able
                                to secure and induce into the tutorship, graduates of the very first
                                rank in scholarship and talents, when their services are wanted from
                                year to year.</p>
                            <p>If we limit the salaries of tutors to $400,<pb id="unc04-20-p05" n="3"/>gentlemen of high qualifications will
                                undoubtedly be called away from us, or if they accept of our
                                tutorships for want of instant offers of higher salaries, they will
                                soon be tempted to desert us by the more liberal compensations which
                                it is in the power of every petty institution in the country to
                                proffer over our heads. To effectual action in a tutorship, weight
                                of character is of very great importance. The requisite influence
                                can be established only by time. A new tutor must always continue to
                                officiate for the first months after entering on his office, under
                                disadvantages necessarily greater or less. It is not until he has
                                passed through many trials in instruction and government that his
                                authority can be established. It is desirable, nay it is of the
                                first consequence to the discipline and character of the college
                                that this authority should be united with the best scholarship,
                                &amp; the most commendatory qualifications in the instructors.
                                With the salary of a tutor as it now is, it is hopeless to secure
                                either eminent abilities or continuance in office.</p>
                            <p>To obtain for the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North                                     Carolina" type="organization">University</name> a tolerable
                                prospect of success in competing for the services of her own
                                    graduates<pb id="unc04-20-p06" n="4"/>we would propose that the
                                salaries of Tutors be established as follows:</p>
                            <list>
                                <item>A graduate who has never taught shall receive per annum . . .
                                    . .$450</item>
                                <item>A graduate who has taught one year . . . . .500</item>
                                <item>A graduate who has taught two years . . . . .600</item>
                            </list>
                            <p>Some regulations respecting the duties of the Tutors have been
                                already adopted by the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name> at a former meeting. They are
                                repeated here for the sake of connection, and are as follows.</p>
                            <p>"It shall be the duty of the Tutors to reside in the college
                                buildings and to be personally present in them with as much
                                constancy as possible, not only in the hours of study, but at all
                                other times: to maintain order and decorum among the students, and
                                to assist under the direction of the president and professors in the
                                instruction of the classes."</p>
                            <p>"Should a Tutor at any time find it necessary to be absent
                                from the college during the session, the case should be stated by
                                him to the president (that it may be known whether the college can
                                dispense with his personal attendance in existing circumstances, and
                                the case to be judged of by the president<ref id="ref1" rend="sup" target="note1">*</ref>) that provision may be made<pb id="unc04-20-p07" n="5"/>for the instruction and government
                                which are to devolve upon others during his absence."</p>
                            <p>"It is the duty of every member of the Faculty individually
                                to be vigilant in carrying into effect the laws of the college, and
                                to report to the president or to the Faculty, transgressions which
                                ought to be punished by that body. A great object of the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name> in appointing tutors to occupy rooms in the college
                                buildings is to suppress disorders and to prevent noise and mischief
                                (at all times) in the rooms and passages, and in other places either
                                in the village, or in the neighborhood of the colleges."
                                (In doing this they are expected to set not only individually, but
                                unitedly; nor in one building only, but in all the buildings
                                promiscuously, as emergencies may require.<ref id="ref2" rend="sup" target="note2">*</ref>)</p>
                            <p>To these provisions already adopted by the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name>, it it
                                is recommended to add the following.</p>
                            <p>It shall be the duty of a Tutor when he is to hear a class recite, to
                                go to the recitation room and take possession of it a reasonable
                                time before the hour for the bell to ring, to prevent assemblages of
                                    students<pb id="unc04-20-p08" n="6"/>before the proper time, and
                                to see that the recitation room is in a proper condition for the
                                reception of the class. The recitation of a class shall continue
                                through the whole hour at least, or till the bell shall give notice
                                of its expiration.</p>
                        </div2>
                        <div2 type="letter">
                            <p>Upon comparing our course of Education with the systems of other
                                colleges, it will be found that the standard of education with them
                                is more advanced and elevated than it is with us. We would recommend
                                that it should be advanced and elevated in some corresponding degree
                                in this college. If it should be done all at once it would probably
                                exclude the entrance of a freshman class for a year. To prevent this
                                it is desirable to authorize the Faculty to augment the requisitions
                                for entering the freshman class by small quantities at a time, so
                                that in a year or two we may call upon candidates for the freshman
                                class to come prepared on all that it may be thought proper to
                                require. It is recommended that a resolution be adopted by the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name> giving this authority to the Faculty. We would refer
                                especially to the catalogues and<pb id="unc04-20-p09" n="7"/>systems
                                of studies now received in <name key="name0000141" reg="Cambridge, MA" type="place" rend="yes">Cambridge</name> and <name key="name0000715" reg="New Haven, CT" type="place" rend="yes">New
                                    Haven</name>, for comparison on this subject.</p>
                            <closer>
                                <salute rend="center">All which is respectfully submitted</salute>
                                <signed>
                                    <name key="pn0000268" reg="Caldwell, Joseph" type="person">J.
                                        Caldwell</name>
                                </signed>
                            </closer>
                        </div2>
                        <div2 type="notes">
                            <note id="note1" target="ref1">
                                <p>* The clause in the parentheses is not in the resolution actually
                                    adopted but is recommended to be inserted.</p>
                            </note>
                            <note id="note2" target="ref2">
                                <p>* The clause in parentheses is recommended to be added.</p>
                            </note>
                        </div2>
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