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                    <hi rend="bold">Letter from Professor William J. Martin to Charles Phillips,
                        December 12, 1864:</hi> Electronic Edition.</title>
                <author>Martin, William James</author>
                <funder>Funding from the University Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel
                    Hill supported the electronic publication of this title.</funder>
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                    <name>Bari Helms</name>
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                <edition>First Edition, <date>2005</date>
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                <publisher>The University Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill </publisher>
                <pubPlace>Chapel Hill, North Carolina</pubPlace>
                <date>2005</date>
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                        <title type="collection">University of North Carolina Papers (#40005),
                            University Archives, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill </title>
                        <title type="document">Letter from Professor William J. Martin to Charles
                            Phillips, December 12, 1864 </title>
                        <author>[William James Martin]</author>
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                        <date value="1864-12-12">1864</date>
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                        <note type="call number">Call number 40005 (University Archives, University of North
                            Carolina at Chapel Hill)</note>
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                <date>2005-11-11,</date>
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            <div1 type="official letter">
                <pb id="unc09-62-p01" n="1"/>
                <head> Letter from Professor <name key="pn0001096" reg="Martin, William James" type="person" rend="yes">William J. Martin</name> to <name key="pn0001357" reg="Phillips,                         Charles" type="person">Charles Phillips</name>, December 12, 1864</head>
                <opener>
                    <dateline>
                        <name key="name0001238" reg="Wilmington, NC" type="place" rend="yes">Wilmington</name> <date>Monday Dec. 12<hi rend="sup">th</hi> 1864</date>
                    </dateline>
                    <salute>My Dear Sir,</salute>
                </opener>
                <p>Yours of the 5<hi rend="sup">th</hi> only reached me Friday night, too late
                    therefore to communicate with Gov. <name key="pn0001638" reg="Swain, David Lowry" type="person" rend="yes">Swain</name> in time for the meeting of the <name key="name0000107" reg="Board of Trustees" type="organization">Board</name> on
                    Sat. night. As I am not certain of his whereabouts, I will give you my views on
                    the matter of a military establishment at the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North Carolina" type="organization">Univ.</name>
                    &amp; you can communicate them to the <name key="pn0001638" reg="Swain, David                         Lowry" type="person">Gov.</name> if you think proper. I should have written
                    on Saturday, but I sent your letter to <name key="pn0000726" reg="Hepburn, Andrew                         Dousa" type="person" rend="yes">Hepburn </name>&amp; hoped he would come around to
                    talk it over that day. He has not come &amp; I will delay no longer.</p>
                <p>I think it best to take it as a fundamental notion that the <hi rend="underscore">college must be kept up</hi>. Come what may, its organization should not be
                    destroyed. The idea that it is a "sinking ship" is <hi rend="underscore">not to be tolerated for a moment</hi>. It must be kept
                    afloat somehow during the war, and then with proper management a prosperous
                    voyage &amp; glorious results are <hi rend="underscore">certain</hi>. I feel
                    very earnest on this point, for I believe that if the college is disbanded now
                    it will begin its new life after the war a sickly affair, as will be the fate of
                    the numerous colleges in the South — While if it can be kept up during
                    this struggle, it will have a prestige which properly seconded by the
                    authorities who control the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North                         Carolina" type="organization">University</name> will give it all the
                    students that even the <name key="pn0001638" reg="Swain, David                         Lowry" type="person">Gov.</name> himself could desire. Let us only show that we are
                    able &amp; determined to make good scholars, &amp; in two or three years
                    after we have<pb id="unc09-62-p02" n="2"/>peace we will not lack material to
                    work upon. If it be settled then that in spite of impressing agents &amp;
                    conscript officers the college stands its ground, it may be considered how far
                    the consideration of military instruction will stiffen its back-bone. To the
                    suggestion that the <name key="name0001146" reg="University of North Carolina" type="organization">University</name> be re-organized as a military
                    institution, (even if the charter were not in the way, of which I know nothing)
                    I say no-no-no. But I feel so certain that no serious desire exists for such a
                    radical change that I will not combat it with arguments.</p>
                <p>It seems to me probable however, that hereafter it might be prudent &amp;
                    might supply a felt want in the country to attach one or more military
                    professorships, the studies in that department to be elective, as in the case of
                        <name key="pn0000909" reg="Kimberly, John" type="person" rend="yes">Kimberly's</name>
                    special chemistry. This will depend somewhat on the establishment or
                    non-establishment of a national military school for the <name key="name0001060" reg="The South" type="place">South</name>, such as that at <name key="name0001223" reg="West Point" type="place">West Point</name>, and on our
                    ability to pay the additional Professors. For the present nothing of this sort
                    is feasible, and all that can be done with propriety , if it be thought
                    necessary to do anything military at all, is to give some sort of incidental
                    instruction in the drill &amp; in the general principles of the military
                    art. If this will satisfy any clamor, or will bring any new students, or hold on
                    to any old ones, I see no reason why it is not feasible &amp; prudent.
                    Whether it <hi rend="underscore">is</hi> thus made desirable, I confess I cannot
                    even give an intelligent <hi rend="underscore">opinion</hi>. You who are on the
                    ground are in the<pb id="unc09-62-p03" n="3"/>best position to answer the
                    question. If it be determined to give this sort of instruction, then I would
                    give as much of it as possible without interfering with the studies of the
                    regular college course. These I would not by any means diminish, and I conceive
                    there is no necessity for it. All the work that can be done at present towards
                    making soldiers can be done outside of the present college course I am sure. The
                    details of the plan would of course be worked out in Faculty meeting.</p>
                <p>And finally, as to the possibility of my assisting in this instruction, I am not
                    in a position to say anything definitely. My wound has been at a stand-still
                    since I left <name key="name0000976" reg="Richmond, VA" type="place" rend="yes">Richmond</name>. The journey was undoubtedly too much for it, &amp; it is
                    worse rather than better. I do not think I will be much account for <hi rend="underscore">anything</hi> before February, and then will probably not
                    be able to walk readily. In that case I don't see that I could be of much
                    service to you in the way of drilling, which is the main thing aimed at I
                    suppose. And again I don't know but the Confed. authorities would say that when
                    I am able to take charge of a small squad of soldiers at college I had best
                    return &amp; take charge of my big squad in the field. It <hi rend="underscore">may</hi> happen that I will never be fit for duty in the
                    field again &amp; may be put on light duty at some post. It will be at all
                    events a month or so before the matter can be decided. But the selection of <hi rend="underscore">the man</hi> is subsidiary. The first thing is to decide
                    on the proper <hi rend="underscore">policy</hi>.</p>
                <p>I have given you my opinions on this subject after thinking it over long
                    &amp; often. I don't know whether they<pb id="unc09-62-p04" n="4"/>coincide
                    with <name key="pn0000726" reg="Hepburn, Andrew Dousa" type="person">Hepburn's</name> or not. Pray use them as you think best.</p>
                <p>I think I shall not make my visit to <name key="name0000165" reg="Chapel Hill, NC" type="place">Chapel Hill </name>until my wound has healed over. I am afraid
                    to repeat the risk I ran in coming from <name key="name0000976" reg="Richmond, VA" type="place">Richmond </name>to this place. Please say to <name key="x" reg="x" type="person">Fannie</name> that the D<hi rend="sup">r</hi> makes me hug the bed very
                    closely &amp; has changed the dressing on the wound to something more
                    stimulating than the simple curate. The granulations had come to look very
                    "flabby" &amp; unhealthy. They have improved within the
                    past two days &amp; I hope in a day or two to be allowed to sit up again. Is Lieut. Johnston<ref id="ref1" target="note1" rend="sup">1</ref> out of the
                    service that he is making arrangements to spend the winter with his friends? I
                    have heard no news from the army since I left it. <name key="x" reg="x" type="person">Eddie</name> only writes regimental affairs. I feel quite
                    anxious to hear from him since the affair near <name key="name0003004" reg="Belfield, VA" type="place" rend="yes">Belfield</name>. I learn that <name key="pn0003096" reg="Heth, Henry, General" type="person" rend="yes">Heth's</name> Div. was engaged. The news we have from the line
                    of the R.R. is encouraging. <name key="pn0000669" reg="Hampton, Wade" type="person" rend="yes">Hampton</name> &amp; <name key="pn0003097" reg="Hill, Ambrose Powel (A. P.)" type="person" rend="yes">Hill</name>
                    are said to have routed <name key="pn0000608" reg="Grant, Ulysses S." type="person" rend="yes">Grant's</name> raiding party at <name key="name0003004" reg="Belfield, VA" type="place">Belfield</name> &amp; <name key="pn0003119" reg="Leventhorpe, Collett" type="person" rend="yes">Leventhorpe</name> to have done the same at <name key="name0001096" reg="Tarboro,                         NC" type="place" rend="yes">Tarboro</name>. I wish I could know that a similar fate has
                    befallen <name key="pn0001537" reg="Sherman, William T." type="person" rend="yes">Sherman</name>. I confess I feel afraid of him. The Yankees will raise such a
                    howl of delight if he gets through to the coast &amp; our croakers will put
                    on such long faces. Yet the real damage done will be slight except to
                    individuals.</p>
                <p>I wish you would button-hole Gov. <name key="pn0001638" reg="Swain, David Lowry" type="person">Swain</name> on the subject of <hi rend="underscore">corn</hi>. I have told <name key="x" reg="x" type="person">Fannie</name> to see
                    him, but I wish you would speak to him also. <name key="x" reg="x" type="person">Chuk</name> backed out of his promise to furnish us except as to five
                    barrels, &amp; I will want twenty or twenty-five more, and I cannot afford
                    to buy it at market rates.— What a struggle for life this is! A real
                    hearty, desperate fight with <hi rend="underscore">famine</hi>. And the
                    end— where is it? Who will survive to see it? But [Remainder of letter is missing.]</p>
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            <div1 type="notes">
                <note id="note1" target="ref1">1. Probably <name key="pn0003276" reg="Johnston, George Burgwyn" type="person" rend="yes">George Burgwyn Johnston</name>.</note>
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