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The Oath of Allegiance to the United States, Discussed in its Moral and Political Bearings
Palmer, B. M. (Benjamin Morgan), 1818-1902
Richmond: Soldiers' Tract Association, Macfarlane & Fergusson, 1863. 22 p.
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[Oath of Allegiance, 1861]
North Carolina. Adjutant General's Dept.
[Raleigh, N.C.: North Carolina Adjutant General's Dept.], 1861. 1 p.
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Obstacles to Medical Progress. Annual Address Delivered Before the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina, at Edenton, N.C., April, 1857
Satchwell, S. S. (Solomon Sampson), 1821-1892
Wilmington, N.C.: Fulton & Price, 1857. 26 p.
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Odd Leaves from the Life of a Louisiana "Swamp Doctor." In "The Swamp Doctor's Adventures in the South-West. Containing the Whole of the Louisiana Swamp Doctor; Streaks of Squatter Life; and Far-Western Scenes; in a Series of Forty-Two Humorous Southern and Western Sketches, Descriptive of Incidents and Character. By "Madison Tensas," M.D., and "Solitaire," (John S. Robb, of St. Louis, Mo.) Author of "Swallowing Oysters Alive," etc."
Lewis, Henry Clay, 1825-1850
illustrated by Felix Octavius Carr Darley
Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson, [1858]. [14], 21-203 p.
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Official History of the 120th Infantry "3rd North Carolina" 30th Division, from August 5, 1917, to April 17, 1919. Canal Sector, Ypres-Lys Offensive, Somme Offensive
Walker, John Otey, b. 1887
[Lynchburg, Va.]: [J. P. Bell Co.], [1919]. 56 p.
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The Old Capitol and its Inmates
Lomax, Virginia, b. 1831
New York: E. J. Hale & Son, 1867. 226 p.
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Old Creole Days
Cable, George Washington, 1844-1925
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1883. 303 p.
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The Old Faithful Servant: Life History of J.W. Holley: Born and Reared a Slave: After Freedom Became a Worker in the Master's Vineyard
Holley, J. W. (James W.), b. 1848
[Columbus, OH]: [Inskeep Print. Co.], 1924. 16 p.
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Old Plantation Days
Mallory, W., b. 1826
[Hamilton, Ontario?: s.n., 1902?]. 56 p.
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Old Plantation Days: Being Recollections of Southern Life Before the Civil War
De Saussure, N. B. (Nancy Bostick), 1837-1915
New York: Duffield & Company, 1909. 123 p.
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The Old Plantation: How We Lived in Great House and Cabin Before the War
Avirett, James B. (James Battle), 1837?-1912
New York; Chicago: F. Tennyson Neely Co., c1901. x, 202 p.
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The Old South, a Monograph
Hamill, H. M. (Howard Melancthon), 1847-1915
Dallas, Texas; Nashville, Tenn.: Smith & Lamar, Agents, Publishing House of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, [1904]. 79 p.
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Old Times in Dixie Land: a Southern Matron's Memories
Merrick, Caroline Elizabeth Thomas, b. 1825
New York: Grafton Press, 1901. 241 p.
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Old Times on the Mississippi
Twain, Mark, 1835-1910
Boston: H. O. Houghton and Company, 1875. 52 p.
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On an Old-Field School, Composition of James D. Hall for the Dialectic Society, April 23, 1828
Hall, James Davidson, 1806-1892
7 pages, 8 page images.
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"On Capital Punishment," Composition of John H. Bryan, May 17, 1843
Bryan, John Heritage, 1825-1891
3 pages, 3 page images.
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On Guard! It's a Pretty Big Job For One Bird! : Join the Navy! : Apply Recruiting Station or Navy League
Matthews, H. B.
[United States]: [Navy?], [between 1914 and 1918].
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"On the Admission of Foreigners into Office in the United States," Speech of James K. Polk for the Dialectic Society, August 30, 1817
Polk, James Knox, 1795-1849
7 pages, 8 page images.
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On the Day the Session Breaks, Composition of James J. Pettigrew, [1847]
Pettigrew, James Johnston, 1828-1863
4 pages, 4 page images.
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"On the Influence of Women," Commencement Address of R. Don Wilson, [June] 1841
Wilson, Richard Don, 1819-1883
12 pages, 12 page images.
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On the Job for Victory : United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation.
No Author
New York: Alpha Litho. Co., [between 1914 and 1918].
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On the Massacre at Dartmoor Prison, Senior Speech of William B. Shepard, September 16, 1816; The Carolina Federal Republican, October 19, 1816, 2
Shepard, William Biddle, 1799-1852
1 pages, 0 page images.
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On the Old Plantation: Reminiscences of His Childhood
Clinkscales, J. G. (John George), 1855-1942
Spartanburg, S.C.: Band & White Publishers, 1916. 142 p.
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Once a Methodist; Now a Baptist. Why?
Carter, Eugene J., b. 1861
Nashville, Tenn.: National Baptist Publishing Board, 1905. 238 p.
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One Hundred Years of the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church; or, The Centennial of African Methodism.
Hood, J. W. (James Walker), 1831-1918
New York: A.M.E. Zion Book Concern, 1895. xxii, 625 p.
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One of Jackson's Foot Cavalry: His Experience and what He Saw During the War 1861-1865, Including a History of "F Company," Richmond, Va., 21st Regiment Virginia Infantry, Second Brigade, Jackson's Division, Second Corps, A. N. Va.
Worsham, John H.
New York: The Neale Publishing Company, 1912. 353 p.
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One of the Wonders of the Age, or, The Life and Times of Rev. Johnson Olive, Wake County, North Carolina
Olive, Johnson, 1816-1885
Raleigh: Edwards, Broughton & Co., 1886. 314 p.
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[Open Letter to the Banks Concerning the Act of Congress to Reduce the Currency]
Confederate States of America. Dept. of the Treasury
Richmond: The Dept., 1864. 2 p.
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Opinion of John H. Gilmer on the Conscription Act
Gilmer, John H. (John Harmer), b. 1812
[Richmond: The Author, 1862]. 8 p.
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Opinion of the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in Regard to Liability to Military Service of the Principals of Substitutes
Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals
Richmond: James E. Goode, Senate Printer, 1864. 22 p.
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Oral History Interview with Aaron and Jenny Cavenaugh, December 8, 1999. Interview K-0281. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cavenaugh, Aaron and
Cavenaugh, Jenny
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Aaron and Jenny Cavenaugh, long-time Duplin County, N.C., residents, lost their antiques business and turkey farm in the flooding that accompanied Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Aaron Henry, April 2, 1974. Interview A-0107. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Henry, Aaron
conducted by Jack Bass
Aaron Henry describes the role of race and racism in Mississippi politics.
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Oral History Interview with Adele Clark, February 28, 1964. Interview G-0014-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clark, Adele
conducted by Winston Broadfoot
Adele Clark was a founding member of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia and the League of Women Voters. In this interview, she describes how the suffrage movement unfolded in Virginia, discussing the successes as well as the obstacles suffragettes faced during their struggle.
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Oral History Interview with Adetola Hassan, December 16, 2001. Interview R-0160. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hassan, Adetola
conducted by Barbara Copeland
Adetola Hassan, a British citizen of Nigerian descent, was a freshman student at Duke University at the time of this interview in 2001. In the interview, she discusses her Mormon faith, focusing on tensions surrounding Mormonism in the South as well as issues related to gender and race within the Church.
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Oral History Interview with Albert Gore, Sr., March 13, 1976. Interview A-0321-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gore, Albert
conducted by Dewey W. Grantham and James B. Gardner
Albert Gore, Sr., reviews the history leading up to his Senatorial career, concentrating on his rural upbringing and his early political experiences. He also reflects on his impressions of other important politicians he knew, including Franklin D. Roosevelt, Sam Rayburn, Estes Kefauver, Harry S. Truman and Lyndon B. Johnson.
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Oral History Interview with Albert Gore, Sr., October 24, 1976. Interview A-0321-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gore, Albert
conducted by Dewey W. Grantham and James B. Gardner
Albert Gore, Sr.—a politician from Tennessee noted for being one of two Southern senators to refuse to sign the Southern Manifesto, a 1956 document decrying the desegregation of public spaces in America—summarizes his senatorial career. He discusses his opposition to the Korean and Vietnam wars, as well as his activities on a variety of Senate committees.
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Oral History Interview with Alester G. Furman, Jr., January 6, 1976. Interview B-0019. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Furman, Alester G.
conducted by Brent Glass
Alester G. Furman, Jr., was born and raised in South Carolina, where his family had lived for generations. He describes his family's involvement in the founding of Furman University in the early 1800s, his father's role in the establishment of the textile industry in Greenville, and the evolution of the textile industry over the course of the early twentieth century.
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Oral History Interview with Alexander M. Rivera, February 1, 2002. Interview C-0298. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rivera, Alexander M.
conducted by Kieran Taylor
African American photojournalist Alexander M. Rivera describes the civil rights movement and its aftermath. In particular, he describes some of his photographs, as well as the impact of the Brown decision (and the demise of legal segregation) on African American businesses and African American schools, including North Carolina Central College.
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Oral History Interview with Alexander M. Rivera, November 30, 2001. Interview C-0297. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rivera, Alexander M.
conducted by Kieran Taylor
African American photojournalist Alexander M. Rivera describes the civil rights movement from his perspective as a reporter for the Pittsburgh Courier. He focuses on the nature of race relations and racial violence and describes the impact of the Brown v. Board of Education decision on the changing social landscape.
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Oral History Interview with Alice Battle, February 20, 2001. Interview K-0523. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Battle, Alice
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Racism and segregation return to declining integrated schools.
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Oral History Interview with Alice Grogan Hardin, May 2, 1980. Interview H-0248. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hardin, Alice Grogan
conducted by Allen Tullos
Alice Grogan Hardin remembers her early years in the rural Greenville County, SC, on the farm and at the mill.
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Oral History Interview with Alice P. Evitt, July 18, 1979. Interview H-0162. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Evitt, Alice P.
conducted by James L. Leloudis
Alice Evitt describes her rural childhood and life as a millworker and mother in North Carolina in the first half of the 20th Century.
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Oral History Interview with Allen Bailey, [date unknown]. Interview B-0066. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bailey, Allen
conducted by Bill Moye
Charlotte political operative Allen Bailey shares his thoughts on politics and community.
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Oral History Interview with Alma Enloe, May 18, 1998. Interview K-0167. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Enloe, Alma
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Alma Enloe remembers West Charlotte High School as an extension of the pre-integration African American community in Charlotte.
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Oral History Interview with Andrew Best, April 19, 1997. Interview R-0011. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Best, Andrew
conducted by Karen Kruse Thomas
Physician Andrew Best recalls his encounters with racial segregation inside and outside Pitt County Memorial Hospital in civil rights-era North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Andrew Young, January 31, 1974. Interview A-0080. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Young, Andrew
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Andrew Young, the first African American congressman from Georgia since Reconstruction, describes his involvement in the early civil rights movements. After dedicating much time and energy to voter registration drives as a minister in Georgia, Young later entered politics and was first elected to Congress in 1972. Young cites the Voting Rights Act of 1965 as the decisive turning point in race relations and argues that it was this access to political power that allowed African Americans to bring to fruition other advances they had made in education, business, and social standing.
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Oral History Interview with Andy Foley, May 18, 1994. Interview K-0095. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Foley, Andy
conducted by Jeff Cowie
Andy K. Foley lost his job when the White Furniture Company closed, but he lost friendships and a playful work atmosphere as well. In this interview he recalls the fun he had on the job and laments the factory's closing.
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Oral History Interview with Angus Thompson, Sr., October 21, 2003. Interview U-0017. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Thompson, Angus
conducted by Malinda Maynor
African American activist fights for integration.
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Oral History Interview with Anne Barnes, January 30, 1989. Interview C-0049. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Barnes, Anne
conducted by Kathy Nasstrom
From 1981 to 1996, Anne Barnes sat in the North Carolina House of Representatives for Orange County. While there, she focused on issues of social justice, especially poverty, education, prison reform, civil rights and women's rights. In this 1989 interview, she gives an overview of her childhood and early adulthood before explaining how those experiences motivated her to become involved in the political arena. Here she discusses some of the political campaigns she has been associated with, including her own.
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Oral History Interview with Anne Queen, April 30, 1976. Interview G-0049-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Queen, Anne
conducted by Joseph Herzenberg
Anne Queen spent ten years working for the Champion Paper and Fibre Company in North Carolina before continuing her education at Berea College and Yale Divinity School during the 1940s. In this interview, she describes her life as a worker; her advocacy of social justice causes; her experiences in higher education; and her work at University of Georgia, with the Friends Service Committee, and the YWCA-YMCA at University of North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Anne Queen, November 22, 1976. Interview G-0049-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Queen, Anne
conducted by Joseph Herzenberg
Anne Queen (director of the YWCA-YMCA at University of North Carolina) discusses leftist student political groups at Chapel Hill during the 1950s and 1960s and the evolution of student activism into the 1970s. Additionally, she speaks more broadly about the role of radical politics in the South and offers her thoughts on the state of national politics at the time of the interview.
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Oral History Interview with Annie Bell Williams Cheatham, March 21, 1995. Interview Q-0015. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cheatham, Annie Bell Williams
conducted by James Eddie McCoy
A black sharecropper's daughter discusses her difficult upbringing on the farm and the many stories of slavery on which she was raised.
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Oral History Interview with Annie Mack Barbee, May 28, 1979. Interview H-0190. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Barbee, Annie Mack
conducted by Beverly Jones
Annie Mack Barbee describes her life as a worker in the segregated Liggett & Myers tobacco factories, and discusses how gender, class and race affected her life and the choices she made.
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Oral History Interview with Arthur Griffin, May 7, 1999. Interview K-0168. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Griffin, Arthur
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Arthur Griffin reminisces about Second Ward High School in Charlotte, NC, and reflects on the legacies of desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Arthur Little, December 14, 1979. Interview H-0132. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Little, Arthur
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Arthur Little describes glove-making from his perspective as the owner of a glove mill in Newton, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Arthur Raper, January 30, 1974. Interview B-0009-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Raper, Arthur
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Southern sociologist and civil rights activist Arthur Raper discusses his interactions with Jessie Daniel Ames and the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching during his tenure as the research director of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation (1926-1939). Raper describes Ames as both an effective and contentious leader.
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Oral History Interview with Arthur Shores, July 17, 1974. Interview A-0021. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Shores, Arthur
conducted by Jack Bass
Birmingham politician Arthur Shores offers his thoughts on the intersection of race and politics in his home city.
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Oral History Interview with Ashley Davis, April 12, 1974. Interview E-0062. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Davis, Ashley
conducted by Russell Rymer
Ashley Davis was a member of the Black Student Movement (BSM) at the University of North Carolina during the late 1960s and early 1970s. In this interview, he describes how the BSM supported the striking food workers at UNC in 1969.
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Oral History Interview with Barbara Hanks, August 10, 1994. Interview K-0098. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hanks, Barbara
conducted by Patrick Huber
Barbara Hanks remembers her career at the White Furniture Company and the effects of the company's closing on her community in Mebane, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Barry Nakell, October 1, 2003. Interview U-0012. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Nakell, Barry
conducted by Malinda Maynor
A lawyer argues for Native American civil rights in Robeson County, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Bennie Higgins, December 28, 1990. Interview M-0003. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Higgins, Bennie
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Longtime North Carolina high school principal Bennie Higgins describes the details of the position and reflects on race in the post-desegregation classroom.
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Oral History Interview with Bernice Cavenaugh and Betsy Easter, December 8, 1999. Interview K-0279. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cavenaugh, Bernice and
Easter, Betsy
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Earl and Mattie Bell Cavanaugh, both over 80, express concern with the erosion of more values and discuss their frustrations with the government after Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Bert Nettles, July 13, 1974. Interview A-0015. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Nettles, Bert
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Bert Nettles discusses the state of politics and the Republican Party in Alabama in the 1970s. He discusses, among other things, desegregation, the need for honesty and ethics reform in the political system, and the effect of Watergate on the Republican Party.
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Oral History Interview with Bert Pickett, December 18, 1999. Interview K-0285. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pickett, Bert
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Pentecostal pastor Bert Pickett provides a compelling description of the despair that accompanied Hurricane Floyd's devastation.
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Oral History Interview with Betty and Lloyd Davidson, 1979 February 2 and 15. Interview H-19. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Davidson, Betty and
Davidson, Lloyd
conducted by Allen Tullos
Betty and Lloyd Davidson discuss their experiences working in textile mills before the second world war and reflect on how these mills changed over the decades.
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Oral History Interview with Billy Ray Hall, January 20, 2000. Interview K-0509. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hall, Billy Ray
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Billy Ray Hall, president of the Rural Economic Development Center, discusses the scope, environment and financial, of the flood damage in eastern North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Blanche Scott, July 11, 1979. Interview H-0229. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Scott, Blanche
conducted by Beverly Jones
Blanche Scott describes her careers as a tobacco factory worker and beautician in Durham, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Blyden Jackson, June 27, 1991. Interview L-0051. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jackson, Blyden
conducted by Freddie L. Parker
A native of Louisville, Kentucky, Blyden Jackson devoted his life to education. Beginning as a teacher for the WPA during the Great Depression, Jackson eventually taught at Fisk University and Southern University, before becoming the first African American professor at the University of North Carolina. In this interview, he discusses the trajectory of his academic career, paying particular attention to issues of race and education.
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Oral History Interview with Bob Scott, April 4, 1990. Interview L-0193. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Scott, Bob
conducted by William Link
Former Governor Robert W. Scott discusses the consolidation of the University system during his administration, focusing on the leadership of William Friday and Cameron Scott and the political maneuvering that characterized the process. In addition, he reflects on his accomplishments as governor, expressing pride in his ability to significantly reduce racial unrest during a tumultuous era.
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Oral History Interview with Bob Scott, September 18, 1986. Interview C-0036. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Scott, Bob
conducted by Karl Campbell
Bob Scott, former governor of North Carolina and the state's community college system president, describes his tenure as governor and discusses North Carolina politics
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Oral History Interview with Bobby Kirk, October 28, 1985. Interview K-0013. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kirk, Bobby
conducted by K. Campbell
A Farmer Responds to the Cane Creek Reservoir
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Oral History Interview with Bonnie E. Cone, January 7, 1986. Interview C-0048. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cone, Bonnie E.
conducted by Lynn Haessly
Bonnie Cone describes her career as an educator in South Carolina and North Carolina during the first half of the twentieth century. After teaching at Duke University during World War II, she moved to Charlotte, North Carolina, and became one of the primary personages behind the successful establishment of a university in that city.
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Oral History Interview with Brenda Tapia, February 2, 2001. Interview K-0476. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Tapia, Brenda
conducted by Jonetta Johnson
The Reverend Brenda Tapia, one of the first African Americans to attend North Mecklenburg High School in Charlotte, NC, describes an alternative view of desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Broadus Mitchell, August 14 and 15, 1977. Interview B-0024. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Mitchell, Broadus, 1892-
conducted by Mary Frederickson
John Broadus Mitchell grew up in a family that held to liberal politics and believed in community involvement. Educated as an economic historian, Mitchell conducted extensive research on the establishment of the cotton textile industry in the South following the Civil War. In the 1920s and 1930s, he advocated for worker rights, spoke out against racial violence, and socialist politics.
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Oral History Interview with Burnice Hackney, February 5, 2001. Interview K-0547. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hackney, Burnice
conducted by Bob Gilgor
One of the first African American students to attend Chapel Hill High School discusses his continuing ambivalence about integration and its effect on the black community.
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Oral History Interview with C. Vann Woodward, January 12, 1991. Interview A-0341. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Woodward, C. Vann
conducted by John Egerton
Noted historian C. Vann Woodward reflects on race relations in the American South.
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Oral History Interview with Caesar Cone, January 7, 1983. Interview C-0003. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cone, Caesar
conducted by Harry Watson
Mill owner Caesar Cone reflects on the textile industry and what he views as the pernicious influence of government in business and society.
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Oral History Interview with Calvin Kytle, January 19, 1991. Interview A-0365. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kytle, Calvin
conducted by John Egerton
Calvin and Elizabeth Kytle were both born and raised in the South. After World War II, they spent several years in Atlanta, Georgia, before moving to Ohio. The Kytles held liberal views on race issues and supported civil rights. Here, they describe their perceptions of race problems and their thoughts on the actions of various leaders and politicians, ranging from pro-segregationists to racial moderates to civil rights activists.
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Oral History Interview with Carl A. Mills, Jr., June 30, 1999. Interview K-0182. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Mills, Carl A.
conducted by Peggy Van Scoyoc
Carl A. Mills, Jr., principal of Cary High School during its desegregation, recalls a relatively easy process of integration.
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Oral History Interview with Carlee Drye, April 2, 1980. Interview H-0005. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Drye, Carlee
conducted by Rosemarie Hester and George Holt
Carlee Drye was a founding member of the local union for aluminum workers in Badin, North Carolina, which later merged with the Steel Workers of America. Drye served as president of the local in the 1950s, during which time he worked actively to change policies of racial discrimination in the Alcoa aluminum plant. He retired from the plant and from the union in 1970s. He speculates about relations between the union, the community, and Alcoa following his retirement.
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Oral History Interview with Carnell Locklear, February 24, 2004. Interview U-0007. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Locklear, Carnell
conducted by Malinda Maynor and Willie Lowery
Carnell Locklear recalls his fight for Lumbee Indian rights in eastern North Carolina in the 1970s and 1980s.
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Oral History Interview with Carolyn Farrar Rogers, May 22, 2003. Interview K-0656. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rogers, Carolyn
conducted by Peggy Van Scoyoc
Carolyn Farrar Rogers discusses how growing up in rural North Carolina sheltered her from racism and taught her the values of hard work and racial self-worth. These values served her well as a teacher during the early desegregation period.
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Oral History Interview with Carrie Abramson, February 21, 1999. Interview K-0275. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Abramson, Carrie
conducted by Pamela Grundy
A white student's experience with racial division at West Charlotte convinces her of the importance of integrated education.
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Oral History Interview with Carrie Lee Gerringer, August 11, 1979. Interview H-0077. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gerringer, Carrie Lee and
Gerringer, Carrie Lee
conducted by Douglas Denatale and Douglas DeNatale
Carrie Lee Gerringer describes what it was like to work in the textile mills in Bynum, North Carolina, from the 1920s into the post-World War II years. She discusses growing up in a working class family, focusing especially on balancing family and work. Married at sixteen, Gerringer worked in the textile mills throughout her adult life, struggling to make ends meet while raising six children.
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Oral History Interview with Carroll Lupton, April 2, 1980. Interview H-0028. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lupton, Carroll
conducted by Mary Murphy
North Carolina doctor Carroll Lupton recalls his days practicing medicine in the mill town of Burlington, North Carolina. Focusing primarily on the 1930s, Lupton talks about providing medical care to poor mill workers. Lupton emphasizes medical treatment for pregnant women, treatment of venereal disease, and popular medical remedies of the day.
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Oral History Interview with Cary Joseph Allen, Jr., April 3, 1980. Interview H-0001. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Allen, Cary J.
conducted by Rosemarie Hester
Cary Joseph Allen, Jr., an aluminum worker for Alcoa in Badin, North Carolina, describes the establishment of a local branch of the Aluminum Workers of America in the mid-1930s. Initial efforts at organization were hampered by the strong paternalistic influence Alco exerted over the community, yet efforts to unionize had succeeded by 1937.
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Oral History Interview with Charles Adams, February 18, 2000. Interview K-0646. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Adams, Charles
conducted by Peggy Van Scoyoc
Charles Adams was a teacher and coach in Wake County, North Carolina, during the 1960s before becoming the Assistant Director (and later the Director) of the North Carolina High Schools Athletics Association. In addition, Adams' father was a leader of the effort to desegregate Wake County schools. Consequently, Adams offers an insider's perspective on the process of school desegregation, focusing specifically on Cary, North Carolina, as a pioneer and model for other local schools.
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Oral History Interview with Charles D. Thompson, October 15, 1990. Interview K-0810. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Thompson, Charles D.
conducted by Jun Wang
Charles D. Thompson describes his career as a small farmer in North Carolina. Though he found financial success in farming, he was not able to recapture the feel of the farming community of his youth.
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Oral History Interview with Charles Johnson, December 29, 1990. Interview M-0025. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Charles
conducted by Goldie F. Wells and Goldie F. Wells
Black principal Charles Johnson describes the challenges of his profession and his extra effort to maintain discipline in a post-desegregation environment.
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Oral History Interview with Charles M. Jones, July 21, 1990. Interview A-0335. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, Charles M.
conducted by John Egerton
Charles Jones led the First Presbyterian Church in Chapel Hill as pastor in the late 1940s. He describes his education and ministry in this interview and the controversies during his time at the church. The regional presbytery disapproved of Jones's active support of the Freedom Riders, black attendance in the church, and his failure to read the Article of Faith during services. He describes how he was expelled from the church despite the support of some UNC students and faculty. At the end of the interview, he discusses his views on why "separate but equal" failed and whether people missed an opportunity to change race relations between 1945 and 1950.
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Oral History Interview with Charles M. Lowe, March 20, 1975. Interview B-0069. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lowe, Charles M.
conducted by Bill Moye
Longtime Charlotte politician Charles Lowe discusses the county-city consolidation issue in Charlotte, NC, and offers his thoughts on the broad, impersonal trends that dominate the political process.
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Oral History Interview with Christine and Dave Galliher, August 8, 1979. Interview H-0314. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Galliher, Christine and
Galliher, Dave
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Though Christine and Dave Galliher are interviewed together, the focus is on Christine's memories of life and work in Elizabethton. She describes life and work in Elizabethton, Tennessee, during the late 1920s through the 1940s. She also discusses their participation in the 1929 walk-out strike at the Bermberg and Glantzstoff textile mills; Christine's attendance of the Southern Summer School for women workers; life during the Great Depression; and balancing work and family.
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Oral History Interview with Clark Foreman, November 16, 1974. Interview B-0003. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Foreman, Clark
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and Bill Finger
Clark Foreman worked in the Atlanta Commission on Interracial Cooperation, the Roosevelt Administration, and the Southern Conference for Human Welfare from the 1920s through the 1940s. This interview traces his efforts to provide equal social services and political rights for African Americans through these organizations and explains how he developed these goals. He also discusses his travels in Europe, his work with Black Mountain College and organized labor, and his criticism of the communist scare. His wife, Mairi Foreman, explains how his views sometimes offended his associates but inspired his children to lifelong political awareness.
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Oral History Interview with Claude Pepper, February 1, 1974. Interview A-0056. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pepper, Claude
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Claude Pepper reflects on his political career and the rise of conservatism in Florida.
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Oral History Interview with Clay East, September 22, 1973. Interview E-0003. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
East, Clay
conducted by Sue Thrasher
Clay East was a founding member of the Southern Tenant Farmers Union. In this interview, he describes life in Tyronza, Arkansas, during the 1920s and 1930s; his conversion to socialism; his observation of the problems of tenant farmers and sharecroppers; and his role in the formation of the union during the early 1930s.
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Oral History Interview with Clyda Coward and Debra Coward, May 30, 2001. Interview K-0833. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Coward, Clyda and
Coward, Debra
conducted by Leda Hartman
Clyda Coward, joined by her sister Debra and other family members, reflects on her childhood in rural North Carolina and the state of the small community of Tick Bite in the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Clyde Cook, July 10, 1977. Interview H-0003. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cook, Clyde
conducted by Rosemarie Hester
Clyde Cook describes life and work for African Americans in Badin, North Carolina. Discussing such topics as school segregation, racial hierarchies in the workplace, and the lack of job opportunities, Cook offers insight into social and economic inequalities in a Southern working community.
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Oral History Interview with Clyde Smith, March 17, 1999. Interview K-0443. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Smith, Clyde
conducted by Reid McGlamery
Clyde Smith recalls the tensions that integration introduced to athletics at North Carolina's Lincolnton High School.
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Oral History Interview with Coleman Barbour, February 16, 1991. Interview M-0032. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Barbour, Coleman
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Coleman Barbour reflects on the diminished power of black principals as well as the state of the black community and its waning investment in education.
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Oral History Interview with Conrad Odell Pearson, April 18, 1979. Interview H-0218. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pearson, Conrad Odell
conducted by Walter Weare
Conrad Odell Pearson grew up in Durham, North Carolina. After obtaining his law degree at Howard Law School in the early 1930s, Pearson returned to Durham, where he became actively involved in legal struggles against segregation in higher education. In this interview, he describes his participation in various civil rights activities, his perception of African American leaders James Shepherd and C. C. Spaulding, and race relations in Durham.
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Oral History Interview with Cynthia Sykes Cook, February 19, 1994. Interview K-0091. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cook, Cynthia Sykes
conducted by Valerie Pawlewicz
Cynthia Sykes Cook recalls the closing of the White Furniture Factory in Mebane, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Daisy Bates, October 11, 1976. Interview G-0009. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bates, Daisy
conducted by Elizabeth Jacoway
Journalist and activist Daisy Bates recalls working for civil rights in desegregation-era Arkansas.
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Oral History Interview with Daniel Duke, August 22, 1990. Interview A-0366. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Duke, Daniel
conducted by John Egerton
Daniel Duke was born in Palmetto, Georgia, in 1915 and became a lawyer during the 1930s. The solicitor general of Fulton County in the late 1930s and early 1940s, Duke presided over a case against the Ku Klux Klan and their use of flogging as a terror tactic against both African Americans and whites. In the mid-1940s, he became the assistant attorney general of Georgia.
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Oral History Interview with Darhyl Boone, December 5, 2000. Interview K-0246. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Boone, Darhyl
conducted by Rob Amberg
Mars Hill, N.C., town manager Darhyl Boone fondly remembers his childhood in Madison County but worries that small-town values are being eroded by development.
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Oral History Interview with Dave Phillips, January 27, 1999. Interview I-0084. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Phillips, Dave
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
North Carolina business leader and former Commerce Secretary S. Davis (Dave) Phillips discusses his personal successes as a businessman in High Point and his successes as Commerce Secretary under Governor Jim Martin.
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Oral History Interview with David Breneman, May 10, 1991. Interview L-0122. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Breneman, David
conducted by William Link
Economist David Breneman discusses his brief tenure with the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in 1977. In this interview, Breneman describes his role in the establishment of federal criteria for school desegregation, focusing particularly on HEW's interactions with education officials in North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with David Burgess, August 12, 1983. Interview F-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Burgess, David and
Burgess, David
conducted by Dallas Blanchard
A northerner who followed his passion for justice south, David Burgess spent his life living his religious convictions through a devotion to economic and racial justice. Burgess recalls his involvement with some vanguard rights organizations, such as the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen, a group Burgess believes laid the foundation for a civil rights movement motivated by Christian beliefs.
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Oral History Interview with David Burgess, September 25, 1974. Interview E-0001. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Burgess, David
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and Bill Finger
David Burgess discusses how his religious faith fused into his life work of social activism. In particular, he explains his involvement in labor organizing in the South.
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Oral History Interview with David Pryor, June 13, 1974. Interview A-0038. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pryor, David
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
David Pryor discusses the new political order in Arkansas just months before he won the state's governorship.
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Oral History Interview with Dennis Gillings, June 10, 1999. Interview I-0072. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gillings, Dennis
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Chairman and CEO of Quintiles Transnational Corporation describes his company's success and his business philosophy.
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Oral History Interview with Dock E. Hall, January 7, 1976. Interview H-0271. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hall, Dock E.
conducted by Brent Glass
Dock Hall recalls his laboring life, focusing on his years as a miner.
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Oral History Interview with Dora Scott Miller, June 6, 1979. Interview H-0211. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Miller, Dora Scott
conducted by Beverly Jones
Dora Scott Miller reflects on the changes in tobacco factory work from the perspective of an African American woman.
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Oral History Interview with Dorothy Royster Burwell, May 29, 1996. Interview Q-0011. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Burwell, Dorothy Royster
conducted by Eddie McCoy
Dorothy Royster Burwell describes her family history and remembers the devastating effect of "the water," in the form of a government-built lake, that wiped away her community of Sudan, Virginia.
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Oral History Interview with Dr. Daniel Okun, October 22, 1985. Interview K-0021. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Okun, Daniel
conducted by Laura Drey
Daniel Okun, a professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel at the time of the interview, lays out the case for creating the Cane Creek reservoir.
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Oral History Interview with Edith Mitchell Dabbs, October 4, 1975. Interview G-0022. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dabbs, Edith Mitchell
conducted by Elizabeth Jacoway Burns
South Carolinian Edith Mitchell Dabbs discusses her family history as well that of her husband's family, which owned the Rip Raps Plantation. In addition, she describes the work she and her husband, James McBride Dabbs, did in advocating for racial justice during the 1940s and 1950s, their evolving views about race and race relations, and her involvement with the United Church Women.
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Oral History Interview with Edith Warren, August 28, 2002. Interview K-0601. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Warren, Edith
conducted by Leda Hartman
State congresswoman Edith Warren describes the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd in Pitt County, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Edna Y. Hargett, July 19, 1979. Interview H-0163. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hargett, Edna Y.
conducted by Jim Leloudis
Edna Yandell Hargett describes life and work in North Charlotte, a mill village in Charlotte, North Carolina. Focusing primarily on the 1920s through the 1940s, Hargett discusses her work as a weaver in North Charlotte textile mills. In addition, she explains in detail how textile mill workers functioned like "one big family" both at work and in the community.
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Oral History Interview with Edward L. Rankin, Jr., August 20, 1987. Interview C-0044. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rankin, Edward L.
conducted by Jay Jenkins
Edward L. Rankin served as private secretary to North Carolina Governors William Umstead (1952-1954) and Luther Hodges (1954-1961). In this interview he describes their political leadership, the Pearsall Plan, and the spectrum of political responses to the Brown v. Board of Education decision.
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Oral History Interview with Edward S. Johnson, October 28, 1985. Interview K-0012. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Edward S.
conducted by Patricia E. Sloan
Edward S. Johnson describes the emergence of a coherent grassroots opposition to the Cane Creek Reservoir project and describes how the opposition worked.
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Oral History Interview with Edward Stephenson, September 21, 2002. Interview R-0193. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Stephenson, Edward
conducted by William Mansfield
Tobacco auctioneer Edward Stephenson reflects on his two decades of brokering tobacco sales and shares his concerns about the decline of the industry.
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Oral History Interview with Edwin Caldwell, March 2, 2001. Interview K-0202. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Caldwell, Edwin
conducted by Oliver White
Edwin Caldwell recalls a lifetime of political organization and advocacy.
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Oral History Interview with Elizabeth and Courtney Siceloff, July 8, 1985. Interview F-0039. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Siceloff, Elizabeth,
Siceloff, Elizabeth,
Siceloff, Courtney, and
Siceloff, Courtney
conducted by Dallas Blanchard and Dallas Blanchard
Elizabeth and Courtney Siceloff recall their work with the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen and with the Penn School. The interview centers largely on the internal problems and external mission of the Fellowship.
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Oral History Interview with Elizabeth Brooks, October 2, 1974. Interview E-0058. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Brooks, Elizabeth
conducted by Beverly Jones
Elizabeth Brooks was one of the leaders of the UNC Food Workers' Strike of 1969. As a new worker in the Lenoir Dining Hall, Brooks helped to organize the food workers with the help of Preston Dobbins and the Black Student Movement. This interview focuses on the first strike, which was sparked by the unexpected firing of one worker, low wages, and withheld back pay for overtime.
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Oral History Interview with Elizabeth Brown, June 17, 2005. Interview U-0019. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Brown, Elizabeth
conducted by Kimberly Hill
Elizabeth Brown, a white teacher who taught at John Carroll High School in Birmingham, Alabama, describes desegregation and its legacies in her city.
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Oral History Interview with Elizabeth Pearsall, May 25, 1988. Interview C-0056. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pearsall, Elizabeth
conducted by Walter Campbell
Elizabeth Pearsall reflects on the role of her husband, Thomas Pearsall, in the North Carolina school desegregation plan. She also discusses her own efforts at fostering racial cooperation.
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Oral History Interview with Ellen Black Winston, December 2, 1974. Interview G-0064. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Winston, Ellen Black
conducted by Annette Smith
Ellen Black Winston was born and raised in North Carolina. She received her doctorate in sociology in 1930. Actively involved in issues of social welfare in North Carolina, Winston was appointed as the North Carolina Commissioner of Public Welfare in 1944 and went on to become the first United States Commissioner of Welfare in 1963. In this interview, she describes problems and opportunities for professional women, her goals to improve standards of social welfare in North Carolina, and her work with various branches of government.
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Oral History Interview with Ellen W. Gerber, February 18 and March 24, 1992. Interview C-0092. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gerber, Ellen W.
conducted by Kristen L. Gislason
Originally from Brooklyn, New York, Ellen Gerber received her doctorate in physical education and taught in northern colleges before attending law school at the University of North Carolina during the mid-1970s. After her graduation, she accepted a job with Legal Aid. She describes her careers in physical education and law and discusses in detail her advocacy of women's issues.
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Oral History Interview with Elva Templeton, January 24, 1976. Interview K-0188. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Templeton, Elva
conducted by Anne Kratzer
Elva Templeton remembers her childhood in historic Cary, N.C.
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Oral History Interview with Emily S. Machlachlan, July 16, 1974. Interview G-0038. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Machlachlan, Emily S.
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Emily S. MacLachlan grew up in the early 20th century in Jackson, Mississippi, in a family that advocated relatively progressive ideas about race. MacLachlan describes her mother's efforts to balance family life with social activism (specifically with the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching), her own academic endeavors, and her advocacy of civil rights and radical politics during the 1930s.
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Oral History Interview with Emma Whitesell, July 27, 1977. Interview H-0057. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Whitesell, Emma
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
Emma Whitesell recalls a lifetime of work in North Carolina textile mills.
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Oral History Interview with Emma Whitesell, July 27, 1977. Interview H-57. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Whitesell, Emma
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
Emma Whitesell discusses changes at Plaid Mill and Swepsonville following the retirement of Walter Williams.
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Oral History Interview with Ernest Seeman, February 13, 1976. Interview B-0012. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Seeman, Ernest
conducted by Mimi Conway
Ernest Seeman offers a critical assessment of life in Durham, North Carolina, during the late nineteenth century. Seeman spent his early career as a printer, first as his father's apprentice and later as sole proprietor of the Seeman Printery, and he discusses interactions between his family and the Duke family. In addition, Seeman explains his increasing radicalization as head of the Duke Press (1925 to 1934) and briefly discusses his decision to become a writer in later years.
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Oral History Interview with Ethel Bowman Shockley, June 24, 1977. Interview H-0045. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Shockley, Ethel Bowman
conducted by Cliff Kuhn and Mary Frederickson
Ethel Bowman Shockley and her daughter Hazel Shockley Cannon describe life and work in the mill town of Glen Raven, North Carolina. Shockley worked at the Plaid Mill from 1927 to 1964; she describes how working conditions changed through the Depression, World War II, and the postwar years.
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Oral History Interview with Ethel Marshall Faucette, November 16, 1978, January 4, 1979. Interview H-0020. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Faucette, Ethel Marshall
conducted by Allen Tullos
Ethel Marshall Faucette describes the working environment and social life of the Glencoe mill town in Burlington, North Carolina. Faucette worked at Glencoe Mill from 1915 to 1954 and she explains the changes to workers' lives over her decades of employment.
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Oral History Interview with Eula and Vernon Durham, November 29, 1978. Interview H-0064. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durham, Eula and
Durham, Venon
conducted by James L. Leloudis
Eula Durham and her husband Vernon recall their experiences as mill workers in Bynum, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Eula and Vernon Durham, November 29, 1978. Interview H-64. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durham, Eula and
Durham, Vernon
conducted by James L. Leloudis
Eula and Vernon Durham Eula and Vernon Durham talk about integration and attempts at unionization at the Bynum textile plant.
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Oral History Interview with Eula McGill, December 12, 1974. Interview G-0039. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McGill, Eula
conducted by Lewis Lipsitz
Life-long textile worker Eula McGill shares her thoughts on the benefits of Alabama textile unions.
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Oral History Interview with Eula McGill, February 3, 1976. Interview G-0040-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McGill, Eula
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Eula McGill grew up in Sugar Valley, Georgia, during the early twentieth century. Raised in a working class family, McGill had to leave school because of her family's economic hardships and began to work in a textile mill as a spinner at the age of 14. By the late 1920s, McGill had moved to Alabama, where she became a leader in the labor movement in Selma. Throughout the Great Depression, McGill primarily worked as a labor organizer, first for the Women's Trade Union League and later for the Amalgamated Clothing Workers' Union.
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Oral History Interview with Eula McGill, September 5, 1976. Interview G-0040-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McGill, Eula
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Southern labor organizer Eula McGill explains her views on leadership in the labor movement and the role of workers' education. After rising through the ranks of the labor movement during the Great Depression, McGill continued to work actively to organize workers from the 1940s to the 1970s. She describes in detail various labor campaigns and strikes in the South, as well as her work with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers Union and other labor organizations.
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Oral History Interview with Eulalie Salley, September 15, 1973. Interview G-0054. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Salley, Eulalie
conducted by Constance Myers
Eulalie Salley, a suffragist from South Carolina, describes the effort of American suffragists to bring about the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution; the issues that mobilized male and female supporters of women's suffrage; the important leaders in the movement; and the issues facing women today.
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Oral History Interview with Eunice Austin, 1980 July 2. Interview H-107. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Austin, Eunice
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Eunice Austen recalls the changes that took place in North Carolina mills over the years.
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Oral History Interview with Eunice Austin, July 2, 1980. Interview H-0107. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Austin, Eunice
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Eunice Austin remembers her life in Catawba County, NC, focusing on her many years working in the textile and furniture industries.
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Oral History Interview with Eva Clayton, July 18, 1989. Interview C-0084. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clayton, Eva
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom
Activist and politician Eva Clayton describes her years of service in and out of politics in Warren County, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Eva Hopkins, March 5, 1980. Interview H-0167. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hopkins, Eva
conducted by Lu Ann Jones
Eva Hopkins worked in a cotton mill from the 1930s until 1952 and recalls various aspects of millwork, union activity, social activities, and life in the mill villages.
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Oral History Interview with Evelyn Gosnell Harvell, May 27, 1980. Interview H-0250. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Harvell, Evelyn Gosnell
conducted by Allen Tullos
Evelyn Gosnell Harvell recalls growing up on a South Carolina farm and the more than three decades she spent as a weaver in a textile mill.
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Oral History Interview with Evelyn Schmidt, February 9, 1999. Interview K-0137. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Schmidt, Evelyn
conducted by Ann Kaplan
Dr. Evelyn Schmidt discusses the connections between race, class, nationality, and health in Durham, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Ferrel Guillory, December 11, 1973. Interview A-0123. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Guillory, Ferrel
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Political journalist Ferrel Guillory describes the state of party politics in North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Flake and Nellie Meyers, August 11, 1979. Interview H-0133. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Meyers, Flake and
Meyers, Nellie
conducted by Patty Dilley
Flake and Nellie Meyers describe what it was like to live and work in and around Conover, North Carolina, during the early to mid-twentieth century. As a worker in various furniture companies and as the foreman at the Southern Desk Company, Flake Meyers describes in vivid detail the various kinds of skills involved in furniture making, the role of machinery in the industry, and workplace relationships. Nellie Meyers similarly describes the kinds of family labor systems and social customs that shaped their lives.
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Oral History Interview with Florence Dillahunt, May 31, 2001. Interview K-0580. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dillahunt, Florence
conducted by Leda Hartman
Florence Dillahunt describes growing up on a small tobacco farm near Grifton, North Carolina, during the 1930s and 1940s. Dillahunt's family were victims of the extensive flooding that Hurricane Floyd brought to eastern North Carolina in 1999. She describes the devastating impact on their farm and their personal lives.
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Oral History Interview with Flossie Moore Durham, September 2, 1976. Interview H-0066. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durham, Flossie Moore
conducted by Mary Frederickson and Brent Glass
Flossie Moore Durham fondly remembers mill work, the mill community, and her long life as a wife and mother in Bynum, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Flossie Moore Durham, September 2, 1976. Interview H-66. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durham, Flossie Moore
conducted by Mary Frederickson
Flossie Moore Durham discusses her family's career in the Bynum textile mill.
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Oral History Interview with Floyd Adams, Jr., August 16, 2002. Interview R-0168. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Adams, Floyd
conducted by Kieran Taylor
Two-time mayor and newspaper publisher Floyd Adams, Jr., describes urban renewal past and present in Savannah, GA, and its impact on the black community.
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Oral History Interview with Floyd Alston, Jr., November 29, 1995. Interview Q-0002. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Alston, Floyd
conducted by Eddie McCoy
Granville County, North Carolina, resident Floyd Alston and his mother, Ethel Thorpe Austin, remember their lives in the area in an interview that touches on, among other topics, racial identity and the struggles of post-emancipation African Americans to find economic and social security.
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Oral History Interview with Floyd McKissick, December 6, 1973. Interview A-0134. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McKissick, Floyd
conducted by Jack Bass
Civil rights activist Floyd McKissick evaluates the legacies of the civil rights movement and looks toward its next phase in the 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with Frances Farenthold, December 14, 1974. Interview A-0186. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Farenthold, Frances
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
A two-term member of the Texas state legislature, France Farenthold describes reform efforts in Texas politics during the late 1960s and early 1970s. In addition, Farenthold talks about what she perceives as a decline in overt racism during the post-World War II years, the role of women, and other demographic and sociocultural changes in Texas politics.
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Oral History Interview with Frances Hogan, May 23, 1991, and June 3, 1991. Interview L-0044. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hogan, Frances
conducted by Mary Jo Festle
Frances Hogan was in charge of finding facilities, equipment, and competitions for the women's athletics program at the University of North Carolina from 1946 to the 1970s. She discusses how students and coaches worked around the limitations to plan their own tournaments and occasionally succeeded on the national level. She describes the change from club sports to NCAA division sports and the introduction of Title IX in the 1970s. The interview ends with her summary of why the program is successful.
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Oral History Interview with Frances Pauley, July 18, 1974. Interview G-0046. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pauley, Frances
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Frances Pauley was born and raised in Decatur, Georgia, during the early twentieth century. An advocate of poor people and of racial integration, Pauley served as president of the Georgia League of Women Voters in the 1940s and 1950s, where she focused specifically on integration of public schools. In 1960, she became director of the Georgia Council on Human Relations and worked within the civil rights movement to promote African American leadership and interracial organizations.
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Oral History Interview with Frank Gilbert, Summer 1977. Interview H-0121. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gilbert, Frank
conducted by Patty Dilley
Frank Gilbert recalls his laboring life in and around Conover, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Frank Sidney Durham, September 10 and 17, 1979. Interview H-0067. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durham, Frank Sidney and
Durham, Frank Sidney
conducted by Douglas Denatale and Douglas DeNatale
Frank Durham discusses how his family first came to work in the mills and describes other people they got to know there. He describes the inner workings of the mill, the ways management negotiated labor complaints with the employees, the social structure of the mill village, and the commonalities of mill town life.
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Oral History Interview with Fred Battle, January 3, 2001. Interview K-0525. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Battle, Fred
conducted by Bob Gilgor
African American reflects on race and protest in segregated Chapel Hill, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Frederick Douglas Alexander, April 1, 1975. Interview B-0065. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Alexander, Frederick Douglas
conducted by Bill Moye
Frederick Douglas Alexander served as a city council member who worked to consolidate Charlotte-Mecklenburg County from 1969 to 1971. He discusses the failures of the consolidation movement.
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Oral History Interview with Geddes Elam Dodson, May 26, 1980. Interview H-0240. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dodson, Geddes Elam
conducted by Allen Tullos
Geddes Dodson worked as a textile mill employee for sixty years. During that time, he progressed through the factory's employment hierarchy, seeing many different aspects of life within the mills. He often focuses on issues involving masculinity and unionism.
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Oral History Interview with George and Tessie Dyer, March 5, 1980. Interview H-0161. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dyer, George and
Dyer, Tessie
conducted by Lu Ann Jones
George and Tessie Dyer discuss their jobs in Charlotte cotton mills and their lives outside of work. They describe their childhood and the work their parents and grandparents did. They recall the parties and social events that their friends participated in after work. The interview ends with their observations about local union activity.
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Oral History Interview with George F. Dugger, Sr., August 9, 1979. Interview H-0312. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dugger, George F.
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
George F. Dugger, Sr., describes his family history and experiences as the plant lawyer during the 1929 Elizabethton Rayon Plant Strike.
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Oral History Interview with George Perkel, May 27, 1986. Interview H-0281. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Perkel, George
conducted by Patricia Raub
George Perkel evaluates the failure of unions in the post-World War II South.
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Oral History Interview with George R. Elmore, March 11, 1976. Interview H-0266. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Elmore, George R.
conducted by Brent Glass
George Elmore discusses a life that took him from farm labor to mill management in rural North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with George Simkins, April 6, 1997. Interview R-0018. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Simkins, George
conducted by Karen Kruse Thomas
Dentist George Simkins describes his efforts to desegregate hospitals and other facilities in Greensboro, NC.
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Oral History Interview with George Watts Hill, January 30, 1986. Interview C-0047. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hill, George Watts
conducted by James Leutze
George Watts Hill was a prominent business leader in the Durham area during the twentieth century. He offers his perspective on the changing nature of business and its impact on the community. In particular, he describes his business endeavors in such areas as banking, insurance, land development, dairy farming, and public service.
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Oral History Interview with Geraldine Ray, September 13, 1977. Interview R-0128. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ray, Geraldine
conducted by Kelly Elaine Navies
Geraldine Ray has lived in Barnardsville, North Carolina, nearly her entire life. In this interview, she describes growing up on her family's farm, attending all-black schools, and caring for sick relatives and friends. She describes racial segregation as a problem that seemed less difficult to avoid than segregation and prejudice between local black residents. Geraldine learned several essential skills of farm life from her grandmother and then used them to support the family through illness. The interview concludes with a description of her husband—a childhood friend—and how they chose to raise their children.
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Oral History Interview with Gladys and Glenn Hollar, February 26, 1980. Interview H-0128. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hollar, Gladys Irene Moser and
Hollar, Glenn
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Gladys Irene Moser Hollar and her husband, Glenn Hollar, share recollections about work and rural life in the early 20th century.
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Oral History Interview with Gladys Avery Tillet, March 20, 1974. Interview G-0061. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Tillet, Gladys Avery
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall, Jacquelyn Hall, and Jacquelyn Hall
Gladys Avery Tillett was an advocate for women's suffrage during the early twentieth century and a participant in both state and national politics from the 1920s into the 1950s. In this interview, she describes her education, her work with the League of Women Voters, and her experiences as a leader in the National Democratic Party.
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Oral History Interview with Gladys Florene Harris, August, 1979. Interview H-124. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Harris, Gladys Florene
conducted by Patty Dilley
Gladys Florene Harris discusses the difficulty of supporting herself and her husband for four decades.
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Oral History Interview with Glennon Threatt, June 16, 2005. Interview U-0023. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Threatt, Glennon
conducted by Kimberly Hill
A Birmingham lawyer shares his reflections on segregation in Birmingham, Alabama, and racism in the U.S.
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Oral History Interview with Gloria Register Jeter, December 23, 2000. Interview K-0549. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jeter, Gloria Register
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Integration was incomplete and did little to rid schools of racism, maintains Gloria Register Jeter in this interview. The close ties between school and community that existed in segregated black Chapel Hill evaporated when black schools were absorbed into a system that Jeter believed had little interest in black students' success.
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Oral History Interview with Gordon Berkstresser, III, April 29, 1986. Interview H-0263. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Berstresser, Gordon III
conducted by Patricia Raub
Gordon Berkstresser III shares the fruits of his study of the textile industry.
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Oral History Interview with Gov. Dale Bumpers, June 17, 1974. Interview A-0026. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bumpers, Dale
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Former Arkansas Governor Dale Bumpers describes the accomplishments of his administration (1970-1975), the changing political conditions—along with the political strategy—that had allowed for his election, and his hopes for the future as he prepared to enter the United States Senate.
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Oral History Interview with Gov. George Wallace, July 15, 1974. Interview A-0024. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Wallace, George
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Longstanding Alabama governor and former presidential candidate George Wallace discusses Alabama politics and racial issues in the United States.
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Oral History Interview with Gov. Rosamonde R. Boyd, October 29, 1973. Interview G-0011. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Boyd, Rosamonde R.
conducted by Constance Myers
Rosamonde R. Boyd shares her observations on women's activism in the early 20th century.
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Oral History Interview with Grace Aycock, March 28, 1990. Interview L-0037. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Aycock, Grace
conducted by Frances A. Weaver
Grace Aycock briefly describes her childhood and her education in North Carolina during the 1920s and 1930s. Most of the interview is dedicated to a discussion of Aycock's life with her husband, William Aycock, Chancellor of the University of North Carolina (1957-1964). She also discusses her husband's decision to return to teaching, her pursuit of a Master's degree in social work, and her battle with multiple sclerosis.
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Oral History Interview with Grace Jemison Rohrer, March 16, 1989. Interview C-0069. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rohrer, Grace Jemison
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom
Born in 1924, Grace Jemison Rohrer eventually settled in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, with her family. In the 1960s she became involved in organizing the Republican Party in Forsyth County and she joined forces with Democratic women in order to establish the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus in 1971. In 1973, Governor James Holshouser appointed her to serve as the Secretary of Cultural Resources. Throughout the 1970s, Rohrer advocated for women to have a more active role in politics, and she actively supported the Equal Rights Amendment.
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Oral History Interview with Grace Towns Hamilton, July 19, 1974. Interview G-0026. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hamilton, Grace Towns
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Grace Towns Hamilton was raised in Atlanta, where both of her parents were involved in community service and issues of social justice. Following family tradition, Hamilton was an active participant in the YWCA during the 1920s, and during the 1940s and 1950s she was the director for Atlanta's Urban League. She describes her work with these organizations, focusing on issues of segregation, education, voter registration, and housing.
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Oral History Interview with Guion Griffis Johnson, August 19, 1974. Interview G-0029-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Guion Griffis, 1900-1989
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and Mary Frederickson
Guion Griffis Johnson was among the first generation of female professional historians and a pioneer of social history. For this interview, she discusses the work she did for Dr. Howard Odum of the University of North Carolina Department of Sociology from 1923 until 1934. She also describes the research she did for projects on St. Helena's Island and on antebellum North Carolina while working toward her Ph.D. She explains how she lost her job at the University of North Carolina in 1930 but continued to work until she and her husband transferred to Baylor College in 1934.
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Oral History Interview with Guion Griffis Johnson, July 1, 1974. Interview G-0029-4. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Guion Griffis, 1900-1989
conducted by Mary Frederickson
Southern sociologist Guion Griffis Johnson describes her work with the Georgia Conference on Social Welfare during the 1940s and her involvement with the women's movement and civil rights activism during the 1960s and 1970s in North Carolina. She discusses strategies for effecting change, the achievements of the Georgia Conference in promoting awareness of social welfare and race-related issues, and the progress of women and African Americans in their struggle for equality.
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Oral History Interview with Guion Johnson, May 17, 1974. Interview G-0029-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Guion
conducted by Mary Frederickson and Mary Frederickson
Guion Griffis Johnson, a Southern sociologist who received her Ph.D. in sociology from UNC-Chapel Hill in 1927, discusses the challenges she faced as she balanced career and family as a woman. Johnson describes women's changing roles in American society, and addresses her involvement in voluntary organizations, advances in birth control and abortion, and the evolving nature of marriage, divorce, and family.
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Oral History Interview with Guy B. Johnson, December 16, 1974. Interview B-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Guy B.
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Dr. Guy B. Johnson was a UNC sociology professor and author. This interview focuses on his work as the first executive director of the Southern Regional Council (SRC) and as a member of the North Carolina Committee for Interracial Cooperation. Johnson discusses the role that women and church groups played in the Interracial Commission, and he describes the debate over issues such as segregation among SRC members. He also describes the conflict between SRC leaders and the Southern Conference for Human Welfare. The interview ends with Johnson's analysis of post-war economic issues and foreign politics in relation to the Southern Conference and SRC.
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Oral History Interview with Guy B. Johnson, July 22, 1990. Interview A-0345. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Guy B.
conducted by John Egerton
Sociologist Guy B. Johnson describes his path to sociology and recalls his participation in the Southern Regional Council in the 1940s.
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Oral History Interview with Gwendolyn Matthews, December 9, 1999. Interview K-0654. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Matthews, Gwendolyn
conducted by Peggy Van Scoyoc
In 1962, Gwendolyn Matthews was one of five African American students to integrate Cary High School in North Carolina. In this interview, she describes her experiences in the integration process, emphasizing the hostility of white students and teachers. In addition, she speaks more broadly about segregation and integration in Cary and Raleigh.
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Oral History Interview with H.M. Michaux, November 20, 1974. Interview A-0135. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Michaux, H. M.
conducted by Jack Bass
H. M. Michaux, a Durham, NC, state representative, describes the role of black electoral politics in North Carolina's state government. He reflects on staying power of the Republican Party in Southern politics.
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Oral History Interview with Harold Fleming, January 24, 1990. Interview A-0363. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Fleming, Harold
conducted by John Egerton
Harold Fleming recounts how he became involved with the Southern Regional Council and the kinds of criticisms he faced for opposing racism in the 1940s and 1950s. He especially remembers many Communist trials designed to scare racial progressives and how many limited their involvement in organizations like the S.R.C. for fear of losing their jobs. Fleming compares the leadership styles of those he encountered in the organization and mentions that he was motivated by frustration with the Jim Crow system and its consequences for the South.
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Oral History Interview with Harriet Gentry Love, June 17, 1998. Interview K-0171. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Love, Harriet
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Harriet Love shares memories of and fondness for West Charlotte, a truly unique school.
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Oral History Interview with Harriet Herring, February 5, 1976. Interview G-0027. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Herring, Harriet
conducted by Mary Frederickson and Nevin Brown
Harriet Herring, University of North Carolina sociologist, recalls her efforts to study labor at North Carolina mill towns in the first half of the 20th Century.
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Oral History Interview with Harriette Arnow, April, 1976. Interview G-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Arnow, Harriette
conducted by Mimi Conway
Southern novelist Harriette Arnow discusses what it was like to grow up in Kentucky during the 1910s and 1920s. The teacher turned writer focuses especially on her family relationships, her experiences in school and in teaching, her goals as a writer, and her views on marriage and family.
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Oral History Interview with Harvey B. Gantt, January 6, 1986. Interview C-0008. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gantt, Harvey B.
conducted by Lynn Haessly
Architect and politician Harvey Gantt describes his ascent from a childhood in segregated Charleston, SC, to becoming the first black mayor of Charlotte, NC. As a southerner, he sees the accomplishments of the civil rights movement as dramatic; as a member of the black middle class, he leans toward negotiation rather than revolt.
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Oral History Interview with Harvey E. Beech, September 25, 1996. Interview J-0075. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Beech, Harvey E.
conducted by Anita Foye
Harvey E. Beech describes his journey to becoming a lawyer fighting for legal justice. In 1951, he was one of five students who made up the first group of African Americans to attend the University of North Carolina's law school. Beech assesses the racial changes since the mid-twentieth century and discusses racism in contemporary America.
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Oral History Interview with Henry Ell Frye, February 18 and 26, 1992. Interview C-0091. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Frye, Henry Ell
conducted by Amy E. Boening
Henry Frye grew up in a segregated farming community in North Carolina during the 1930s and 1940s before becoming a lawyer. He went on to become the first African American elected to the North Carolina General Assembly and to serve on the state Supreme Court. In this interview, he describes race relations, his career as a lawyer, and his experiences in politics.
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Oral History Interview with Herman Newton Truitt, December 5, 1978. Interview H-0054. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Truitt, Herman Newton
conducted by Allen Tullos
Herman Norton Truitt describes running a grocery store from the 1920s to the 1940s. The store was patronized primarily by mill workers in Burlington, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Herman Talmadge, December 18, 1975. Interview A-0331-3. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Talmadge, Herman
conducted by Jack Nelson
Senator Herman Talmadge of Georgia offers concluding remarks in this final interview of a three-part series. He reflects on contemporary political issues of the mid-1970s, including civil rights, Vietnam, and abuses of power on the part of the CIA and the FBI. Finally, he reflects on his political legacy in the state of Georgia.
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Oral History Interview with Herman Talmadge, July 15 and 24, 1975. Interview A-0331-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Talmadge, Herman
conducted by Jack Nelson
In this interview, the first in a three-part series, Herman Talmadge discusses his political career as Governor of Georgia and his decision to run for the United States Senate. The son of Eugene Talmadge, Herman Talmadge recalls his involvement in his father's gubernatorial campaigns during the 1930s and 1940s. He explains in detail his perception of the 1947 "three governors controversy" (referred to by Talmadge here as the "Two Governors Row"), which arose after he was appointed governor by the legislature, only to be removed following a ruling by the Georgia Supreme Court. Talmadge also discusses his own political campaigns, his relationship with his political rivals and colleagues, and the growing importance of race in Southern politics during the mid-twentieth century.
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Oral History Interview with Herman Talmadge, July 29 and August 1, 1975. Interview A-0331-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Talmadge, Herman
conducted by Jack Nelson
Senator Herman Talmadge of Georgia recalls his years in the Senate from the mid-1950s through the mid-1970s. He discusses changes in the Democratic party; assesses the leadership styles and accomplishments of presidents and other major political figures during his tenure in the Senate; explains his views on civil rights, environmentalism, consumerism, and the impact of television on national politics; and he offers his thoughts on problems facing America during the 1970s, particularly in relationship to the Watergate scandal.
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Oral History Interview with Herman Talmadge, November 8, 1990. Interview A-0347. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Talmadge, Herman
conducted by John Egerton
Georgia politician Herman Talmadge reflects on race in southern politics and the intrusive process of desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Hill Baker, June 1977. Interview H-0109-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Baker, Hill
conducted by Pat Dilley
Hill Baker recalls his long working life as a railroad worker and a factory employee in Conover, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Hodding Carter, April 1, 1974. Interview A-0100. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Carter, Hodding
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Journalist Hodding Carter describes the changes wrought in Mississippi by the civil rights movement.
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Oral History Interview with Howard Kester, August 25, 1974. Interview B-0007-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kester, Howard
conducted by Mary Frederickson
Socialist and Christian activist Howard Kester describes his work in various organizations committed to social justice in the South during the 1930s and 1940s. In particular, Kester focuses on his work in promoting equality for African Americans and working people in the South, including his efforts to bridge gaps between those two groups.
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Oral History Interview with Howard Kester, July 22, 1974. Interview B-0007-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kester, Howard
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and William Finger
Howard Kester was a pacifist and social reformer in the South from the early 1920s through the 1960s. In this interview, he focuses on his adherence to pacifism, Christianity and the Social Gospel, and Socialism. He describes his work to end injustices associated with race and labor, and assesses the work of prominent social justice leaders in the South during the 1920s and 1930s.
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Oral History Interview with Howell Heflin, July 9, 1974. Interview A-0010. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Heflin, Howell
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Howell Heflin, who sat on the Alabama State Supreme Court in the 1970s before a two-decade tenure in the US Senate, discusses the post-segregation Alabama judiciary.
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Oral History Interview with Hoy Deal, July 3 and 11, 1979. Interview H-0117. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Deal, Hoy
conducted by Patty Dilley
Hoy Deal recalls his youth and young manhood in rural North Carolina, including stints at lumber mills and glove factories, two industries that, along with textiles, were a vital part of the state's economy in early 20th century.
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Oral History Interview with Hylan Lewis, January 13, 1991. Interview A-0361. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lewis, Hylan
conducted by John Egerton
Sociologist Hylan Lewis describes his experiences with race in the American South in the post-World War II period.
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Oral History Interview with I. Beverly Lake, September 8, 1987. Interview C-0043. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lake, I. Beverly
conducted by Charles Dunn
In this interview, I. Beverly Lake Sr. reflects on his long career as a teacher, attorney, and judge. He counsels white political unity as a means to stem racial integration.
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Oral History Interview with Icy Norman, April 6 and 30, 1979. Interview H-0036. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Norman, Icy, b. 1911
conducted by Mary Murphy
Icy Norman recalls her long working life, most of which was spent at a textile mill in Burlington, North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Icy Norman, April 6 and 30, 1979. Interview H-36. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Norman, Icy, b. 1911
conducted by Mary Murphy
Icy Norman recalls the many ways the Burlington Mill affected the daily lives of mill workers.
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Oral History Interview with Igal Rodenko, April 11, 1974. Interview B-0010. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rodenko, Igal
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and Jerry Wingate
Igal Rodenko came of age during the 1930s and became increasingly involved in leftist politics during those years. During World War II he embraced philosophies of non-violence and pacifism and worked in a camp for conscientious objectors during the conflict. He became a member of CORE during its formative years and participated in the 1947 Journey of Reconciliation, an interracial endeavor to test segregation policies on buses in the South.
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Oral History Interview with Ila Hartsell Dodson, May 23, 1980. Interview H-0241. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dodson, Ila Hartsell
conducted by Allen Tullos
Ila Hartsell Dodson talks about working in a South Carolina textile mill.
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Oral History Interview with Isabella Cannon, June 27, 1989. Interview C-0062. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cannon, Isabella
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom
Elected in 1977 at the age of 1973, Isabella Cannon was the first female mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina. In this interview, Cannon describes her involvement in the United Church of Christ, her support of and participation in the civil rights movement, and her advocacy of community revitalization and development. In addition, she recalls her major accomplishments as mayor and the challenges she faced in implementing her long-range comprehensive plan for the city.
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Oral History Interview with Isabella Cannon, Spring 1993. Interview G-0188. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cannon, Isabella
conducted by Jim Clark
Isabella Cannon was the first woman mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina. Elected in 1977, at the age of 73, the "old lady who wore tennis shoes" was a staunch advocate for community growth and revitalization. During her tenure, she worked to push through the Long Range Comprehensive Plan, to reconcile tensions between the city and the police and fire departments, strengthen the relationship between the city and the state, and to revitalize the down town area.
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Oral History Interview with Ivey C. Jones, January 18, 1994. Interview K-0101. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, Ivey C.
conducted by Jeff Cowie
Ivey C. Jones, who spent sixteen years working at the White Furniture Factory in Mebane, NC, describes the effects of the plant's takeover and closing.
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Oral History Interview with J. Carlton Fleming, [date unknown]. Interview B-0068. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Fleming, J. Carlton
conducted by Bill Moye
J. Carlton Fleming, who was on a Chamber of Commerce committee pushing for consolidation in Charlotte, NC, in the 1960s, discusses the demise of the issue in this interview.
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Oral History Interview with J. Randolph Taylor, May 23, 1985. Interview C-0021. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Taylor, J. Randolph
conducted by Bruce Kalk
J. Randolph Taylor pauses to reflect on his participation in the Civil Rights Movement, the reunification of the Presbyterian Church of the United States of America, and various other social justice campaigns.
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Oral History Interview with J. W. Mask, February 15, 1991. Interview M-0013. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Mask, J. W.
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
J.W. Mask describes his stewardship of a segregated black high school and his struggle to provide his students with adequate resources.
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Oral History Interview with Jack Hawke, June 7, 1990. Interview C-0087. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hawke, Jack
conducted by Jonathan Houghton
North Carolina Republican Chairman Jack Hawke outlines the evolution of the party from the 1960s through the 1980s. Hawke especially focuses on divisions, various leaders, and organization limits and successes within the Republican Party.
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Oral History Interview with James (Jim) Connor, December 19, 1999. Interview K-0818. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Connor, James (Jim)
conducted by Charles Thompson
Hog farmer James Connor describes the impact of Hurricane Floyd and the details of his business, and emphasizes his concern for the environment.
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Oral History Interview with James and Nannie Pharis, December 5, 1978 and January 8 and 30, 1979. Interview H-39. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pharis, James and
Pharis, Nannie
conducted by Allen Tullos
James and Nannie Pharis discuss how textile mill employees were treated in the early part of the century.
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Oral History Interview with James Arthur Jones, November 19, 2003. Interview U-0005. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, James Arthur
conducted by Malinda Maynor
A principal remembers integration in a majority-Native American community.
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Oral History Interview with James Atwater, February 28, 2001. Interview K-0201. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Atwater, James
conducted by Jennifer Nardone
James Atwater discusses life in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, from the 1930s to the 1950s. He describes the black community, the impact of segregation on schools and neighborhoods, and experiences of African American staff at the University.
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Oral History Interview with James Moore, October 16, 2003. Interview U-0011. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Moore, James
conducted by Malinda Maynor
Longtime Prospect, N.C., resident James Moore recalls desegregation in that town.
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Oral History Interview with James P. Coleman, September 5, 1990. Interview A-0338. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Coleman, James P.
conducted by John Egerton
Former attorney general and governor of Mississippi James P. Coleman discusses his role in southern politics from the 1930s through the 1960s. Coleman focuses specifically on the issue of racial segregation and its impact on Mississippi politics.
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Oral History Interview with James Pharis, July 24, 1977. Interview H-0038. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pharis, James
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
James Pharis reflects on his forty years in textile mill work, most of which he spent as a supervisor.
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Oral History Interview with James Pharis, July 24, 1977. Interview H-38. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pharis, James
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
James Pharis remembers the challenges of his two decades as a supervisor with Burlington Mills.
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Oral History Interview with James Slade, February 23, 1997. Interview R-0019. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Slade, James
conducted by Karen Kruse Thomas
Pediatrician James Slade and his wife, Catherine, discuss their experience of race and medicine in Edenton, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Jane Squires, September 21, 2002. Interview R-0192. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Squires, Jane
conducted by William Mansfield
Jane Squires describes building a career as a tobacco auctioneer, a male-dominated profession.
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Oral History Interview with Jean Cole Hatcher, June 13, 1980. Interview H-0165. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hatcher, Jean Cole
conducted by Allen Tullos
Jean Cole Hatcher became president of Cole Manufacturing Company, her family's business, in 1953. Hatcher describes her family's history in the Piedmont, the establishment and evolution of the Cole Manufacturing Company in the industry of agricultural technology, and she illuminates life in Charlotte, North Carolina—both for workers and as an economic center of industry.
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Oral History Interview with Jean Fairfax, October 15, 1983. Interview F-0013. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Fairfax, Jean and
Fairfax, Jean
conducted by Dallas Blanchard and Dallas Blanchard
Jean Fairfax first moved to the South in 1942, where she became involved with the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen for several years. Fairfax describes the goals and activities of the Fellowship, discusses the role of leadership in the Fellowship, and draws connections between her work with the Fellowship in the 1940s and her later involvement with the civil rights movement from the late 1950s on.
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Oral History Interview with Jeff Black, March 29, 1999. Interview K-0276. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Black, Jeff
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Jeff Black reflects on the legacies of desegregation at West Charlotte High School, a school hailed as an exemplar of successful desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Jefferson M. Robinette, July 1977. Interview H-0041. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Robinette, Jefferson M.
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
Jefferson Robinette recalls a lifetime of labor in textile mills, furniture factories, and a dairy. He got his first job when he was twelve and worked until he was eighty-three.
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Oral History Interview with Jefferson M. Robinette, July 1977. Interview H-41. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Robinette, Jefferson M.
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
Jefferson M. Robinette Jefferson M. Robinette reflects on a very long career, during which he worked for many companies, not all of them textile mills.
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Oral History Interview with Jerry Plemmons, November 10, 2000. Interview K-0506. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Plemmons, Jerry
conducted by Rob Amberg
Jerry Lee Plemmons, a lifetime Madison County resident and energy conservation consultant, discusses the influence of development, particularly highway construction, on Marshall, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Jesse Helms, March 8, 1974. Interview A-0124. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Helms, Jesse
conducted by Jack Bass
Senator Jesse Helms describes some of his political positions, and reflects on the state of the Republican Party.
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Oral History Interview with Jessie Lee Carter, May 5, 1980. Interview H-0237. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Carter, Jessie Lee
conducted by Allen Tullos
Jessie Lee Carter remembers life as a mill worker and mother in rural South Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Jim Goodnight, July 22, 1999. Interview I-0073. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Goodnight, Jim
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Jim Goodnight describes the founding and growth of his corporation, SAS.
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Oral History Interview with Jim Pierce, July 16, 1974. Interview E-0012-3. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pierce, Jim
conducted by William Finger
Jim Pierce first learned about the labor movement while growing up in Oklahoma during the 1930s. By the late 1940s, he had become a leader in his local union at Western Electric in Fort Worth, Texas. During the 1950s and 1960s, he organized unions for the CIO, the IUE, and the IUD. He describes his belief in labor activism but also his growing disillusionment with the movement by the end of the 1960s.
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Oral History Interview with Jimmy Carter [exact date unavailable], 1974. Interview A-0066. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Carter, Jimmy
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Jimmy Carter, the governor of Georgia, discusses the growing influence of the Democratic Party in southern states and links it to distinctly southern trends like increased voter participation and the impact of the civil rights movement.
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Oral History Interview with Joanne Peerman, February 24, 2001. Interview K-0557. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Peerman, Joanne
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Joanne Peerman describes the efforts of black students to thoroughly integrate Chapel Hill High School and discusses her relationship with her father, a beloved coach at Lincoln High School and a powerful figure in the black high school community.
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Oral History Interview with Joe Herzenberg, November 18, 1985. Interview K-0008. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Herzenberg, Joseph
conducted by Mary L. Dexter
Joe Herzenberg, a Chapel Hill politico, voices his support for the Cane Creek reservoir project.
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Oral History Interview with John Harris, September 5, 2002. Interview R-0185. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Harris, John
conducted by Kieran Taylor
John Harris, longtime cab driver and businessman in Greensboro, NC, describes his community in the context of race and redevelopment.
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Oral History Interview with John Hope Franklin, July 27, 1990. Interview A-0339. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Franklin, John Hope
conducted by John Egerton
John Hope Franklin remembers life as a student in the segregated South.
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Oral History Interview with John Ivey, July 21, 1990. Interview A-0360. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ivey, John
conducted by John Egerton
John Ivey received his doctoral degree in sociology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1944. He and his wife, Melville Corbett Ivey, describe their interaction with such leading figures as Howard Odum, Rupert Vance, and Frank Porter Graham. After a brief sojourn working for the Tennessee Valley Authority, Ivey became the director of the Southern Regional Education Board, where he advocated for the desegregation of public schools in the South.
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Oral History Interview with John Jessup, January 11, 1991. Interview M-0024. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jessup, John
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
John Jessup discusses his employment as the principal of a North Carolina public school and as an administrator in the Winston-Salem public schools. He describes the challenges he faced as an African American as well as the changes brought about by desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with John Ledford, January 3, 2001. Interview K-0251. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ledford, John
conducted by Rob Amberg
John Ledford, the sheriff of Madison County, NC, describes the effects of economic growth on his job and his community.
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Oral History Interview with John Lewis, November 20, 1973. Interview A-0073. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lewis, John
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
John Lewis served as the chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) from 1963 to 1966. In this interview, rich with vivid detail, Lewis outlines his role within the civil rights movement through his participation in the sit-in movement of 1960 in Nashville, the Freedom Rides through Alabama and Mississippi in 1961, the Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964, the voter registration drive (primarily in Selma, Alabama) in 1965, and the shift towards the politics of black power within SNCC by 1966. Throughout the interview, he situates the activities of SNCC within the civil rights movement more broadly, focusing on issues of leadership, religion, and politics.
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Oral History Interview with John Love, February 17, 1999. Interview K-0172. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Love, John
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Former student remembers West Charlotte High as a place where diversity created both opportunity and conflict.
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Oral History Interview with John Medlin, May 24, 1999. Interview I-0076. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Medlin, John
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
John G. Medlin, Jr., CEO of Wachovia, discusses the growth of the Charlotte-based bank.
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Oral History Interview with John Raymond Shute, Jr., June 25, 1982. Interview B-0054-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Shute, John Raymond
conducted by Wayne Durrill
John Raymond Shute, Jr. looks back on a century of growth in Union County, NC. For years active in politics there, he shares his considerable knowledge about the agricultural and industrial development in the area.
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Oral History Interview with John Russell, July 19, 1975. Interview E-0014-3. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Russell, John
conducted by William Finger
John Russell describes his work as an international representative and organizer for the Amalgamated Meat Workers Union following its merger with the Fur and Leather Workers Union in 1955. Russell discusses the limitations and opportunities that resulted from this merger, his work organizing poultry workers, and his thoughts on the changing nature of the labor movement.
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Oral History Interview with John Russell, July 25, 1974. Interview E-0014-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Russell, John
conducted by William Finger
John Russell describes the events leading to the merger of the Fur and Leather Workers Union with the Amalgamated Meat Cutters in 1955. Russell focuses on the progressive political views of the Fur and Leather Workers, their strong regional presence in the south, the role of leaders within their trade union movement, and the aftermath of the merger.
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Oral History Interview with John Thomas Outlaw, June 5, 1980. Interview H-0277. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Outlaw, John Thomas
conducted by Allen Tullos
John Thomas Outlaw, who headed the rate bureau of the North Carolina Motor Carriers Association, discusses the history of the trucking industry in North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with John W. Snipes, September 20, 1976. Interview H-0098-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Snipes, John W.
conducted by Brent Glass
John Wesley Snipes recalls his childhood in rural Chatham County, NC, in the early twentieth century.
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Oral History Interview with John Wesley Snipes, 1976 September 20 and November 20. Interview H-98. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Snipes, John Wesley
conducted by Brent Glass
John Wesley Snipes recounts his career in lumber during and following his 17 years as a worker in the Bynum textile mill.
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Oral History Interview with Johnnie and Kathleen Bratten, January 15, 2000. Interview K-0508. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bratten, Johnnie and
Bratten, Kathleen
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Johnnie and Kathleen Bratten describe the extent to which church groups and other volunteers helped them after their home was destroyed in the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Johnnie Jones, August 27, 1976. Interview H-0273. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, Johnnie
conducted by Brent Glass
Johnnie Jones remembers his fifty-year career at the Pomona Terra Cotta Factory in Greensboro, N.C.
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Oral History Interview with Johnny A. Freeman, December 27, 1990. Interview M-0011. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Freeman, Johnny A.
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Longtime principal Johnny A. Freeman reflects on the mixed legacy of desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Jonathan Worth Daniels, March 9-11, 1977. Interview A-0313. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Daniels, Jonathan Worth
conducted by Charles Eagles
In this interview, Jonathan Daniels discusses his father's role as a newspaper editor and Secretary of the Navy, as well as his father's racial and religious views. Daniels also describes how race and the University of North Carolina shaped his own life.
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Oral History Interview with Joseph Califano, April 5, 1991. Interview L-0125. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Califano, Joseph
conducted by William Link
Joseph Califano served as the Secretary of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1977 to 1979. He recalls the reasons for the University of North Carolina's opposition to H.E.W.'s desegregation criteria.
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Oral History Interview with Joseph D. Pedigo, April 2, 1975. Interview E-0011-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pedigo, Joseph D.
conducted by William Finger
Joseph Pedigo was an active participant and leader in the labor movement among textile workers in the South during the 1930s and 1940s. In this interview, he describes his role in the formation of a local union at American Viscose in Roanoke, Virginia, and his work with the Textile Workers Union of American towards organizing textile workers throughout the South.
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Oral History Interview with Josephine Clement, July 13 and August 3, 1989. Interview C-0074. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clement, Josephine
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom
Josephine Dobbs Clement talks about her various civic roles, including her activity as a member of the League of Women Voters, the Durham City-County Charter Commission, the Board of Education, and the Board of County Commissioners. She also discusses her efforts on behalf of social justice and her views on race, gender, and environmental issues.
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Oral History Interview with Josephine Glenn, June 27, 1977. Interview H-0022. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Glenn, Josephine
conducted by Cliff Kuhn and Cliff Kuhn
During the course of her career, Josephine Glenn worked in several mills around Burlington, NC, allowing her to compare the textile factories in Burlington and their various working environments. She covers many topics, including war-time production, the end of segregation, and the changing roles of women in the factories.
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Oral History Interview with Josephine Turner, June 7, 1976. Interview H-0235-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Turner, Josephine
conducted by Karen Sindelar
Durham, NC, resident Josephine Turner reflects on her struggle to leave behind a life of poverty.
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Oral History Interview with Josephine Wilkins, 1972. Interview G-0063. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Wilkins, Josephine
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Josephine Wilkins was born and raised in Athens, Georgia, in 1893. In the 1920s, she became increasingly interested in issues of social justice. In the 1930s, she became the president of the Georgia chapter of the League of Women's Voters and helped to found the Citizen's Fact Finding Movement. In addition she describes her involvement and perception of such organizations as the Southern Conference for Human Welfare, the Commission of Interracial Cooperation, and the Southern Regional Council.
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Oral History Interview with Juanita Kreps, January 17, 1986. Interview C-0011. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kreps, Juanita
conducted by Lynn Haessly
Academic and Carter cabinet member Juanita Kreps describes her career as an economist and as an early proponent of women's rights.
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Oral History Interview with Julia Virginia Jones, October 6, 1997. Interview J-0072. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, Julia Virginia
conducted by Nancy Sara Friedman
Judge Julia Virginia Jones traces the development of her professional career, which culminated in a federal judgeship. She illuminates the impact her gender had on her growth in the legal field.
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Oral History Interview with Julius Fry, August 19, 1974. Interview E-0004. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Fry, Julius
conducted by William Finger
Julius Fry was a textile worker for Mansfield Mill, Inc. in Lumberton, North Carolina from 1927 to 1943. During the early years of the Great Depression, Fry was increasingly drawn to labor activism, especially after the election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the rise of the New Deal. Fry describes what it was like to work at the Mansfield Mill, Inc., the organization of a union in Lumberton, North Carolina, and his own role within the labor movement in the South.
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Oral History Interview with Junie Edna Kaylor Aaron, 1979 December 12. Interview H-106. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Aaron, Junie Edna Kaylor
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
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Oral History Interview with Junie Edna Kaylor Aaron, December 12, 1979. Interview H-0106. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Aaron, Junie Edna Kaylor
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Junie Edna Kaylor Aaron remembers her long working life in the clothing industry in North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Junior Johnson, June 4, 1988. Interview C-0053. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Junior
conducted by Pete Daniel
Junior Johnson became a stock car racer during the early 1950s and participated in the exponential growth of that industry. He describes growing up in Wilkes County, North Carolina, his role in the evolution of NASCAR, and his business endeavors in poultry farming.
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Oral History Interview with Katharine Du Pre Lumpkin, August 4, 1974. Interview G-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lumpkin, Katharine Du Pre
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Southern writer, academic, and social activist Katharine Du Pre Lumpkin describes growing up in a family where the "Lost Cause" was heralded and her subsequent work towards promoting causes of social justice. In so doing, Lumpkin describes her work with the YWCA, her education, her career in academe, and her books The Making of a Southerner and South in Progress.
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Oral History Interview with Kathrine Robinson Everett, April 30, 1985. Interview C-0005. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Everett, Kathrine Robinson
conducted by Pamela Dean
A pioneer in women's education and women in law, Kathrine Robinson Everett describes what it was like to attend law school in the early twentieth century. In the 1920s, Everett practiced law in Cumberland County and worked to register women to vote after the passage of the 19th Amendment. Following her marriage in 1928, Everett worked alongside her husband, supporting his legal and political career; became involved in local politics in Durham; and worked with various women's organizations.
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Oral History Interview with Kathrine Robinson Everett, January 21, 1986. Interview C-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Everett, Kathrine Robinson
conducted by Pamela Dean
Kathrine Robinson Everett recalls a career as a trailblazing female lawyer and women’s rights activist.
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Oral History Interview with Kathryn Cheeks, March 27, 2003. Interview K-0203. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cheeks, Kathryn
conducted by Susan Upton
White student remembers fear and violence during desegregation in Chapel Hill.
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Oral History Interview with Kathryn Killian and Blanche Bolick, December 12, 1979. Interview H-0131. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Killian, Kathryn and
Bolick, Blanche
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Kathryn Killian and her sister Blanche Bolick recall their upbringing near Conover, NC, and their careers making gloves.
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Oral History Interview with Katushka Olave, December 9, 1998. Interview K-0659. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Olave, Katushka
conducted by Alicia Rouverol
Katushka Olave describes her activism on behalf of the Latino community in Durham, North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Kenneth Iverson, June 11, 1999. Interview I-0083. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Iverson, Kenneth
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Kenneth Iverson describes his rise through the steel industry. An innovator in both the social and business side of management, Iverson rose to become president of Nucor Steel in 1964, and he quickly restructured the struggling company, moving it to Charlotte in 1966 and turning it into a profitable business. He seemed to have little trouble dismantling racial segregation or breaking down gender barriers, and while he disapproves of unions, he insists that Nucor's policies reward its employees enough that they have little need of union protection.
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Oral History Interview with Kenneth Norton, March 23, 1999. Interview K-0440. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Norton, Kenneth
conducted by Brian Campbell
Kenneth Norton remembers being a student at segregated Ada Jenkins School in Davidson, NC, in the 1930s.
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Oral History Interview with Kojo Nantambu, May 15, 1978. Interview B-0059. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Nantambu, Kojo
conducted by Larry Thomas
In May 1978, Kojo Nantambu—one of the participants in the 1971 Wilmington, NC, race conflicts—sat down with Larry Thomas, a historian, jazz disc jockey and Wilmington native. During the interview, Nantambu describes what he remembers of the 1971 strife, the inequities present in the trial of the Wilmington Ten, and the aftermath of the discord.
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Oral History Interview with Koka Booth, July 6, 2004. Interview K-0648. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Booth, Koka
conducted by Peggy Van Scoyoc
Koka Booth, former mayor of Cary, NC, describes the growth of his city during his 12-year tenure.
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Oral History Interview with Kong Phok, December 19, 2000. Interview K-0273. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Phok, Kong
conducted by Barbara Lau
Cambodian-American Kong Phok describes his experiences at Guilford Mills in Greensboro, NC.
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Oral History Interview with L. Worth Harris, June 11, 1980. Interview H-0164. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Harris, L. Worth
conducted by Allen Tullos
L. Worth Harris discusses the trucking company he started in Charlotte, North Carolina, in the early 1930s.
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Oral History Interview with Lacy Wright, March 10, 1975. Interview E-0017. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Wright, Lacy
conducted by William Finger and Chip Hughes
Lacy Wright worked for Cone Mills in Greensboro, North Carolina, for nearly fifty years, from the late 1910s at the age of twelve to the mid-1960s. He describes work in the textile industry, life in the mill villages, and the role of the labor movement in the Southern textile industry during a large stretch of the twentieth century.
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Oral History Interview with Larry and Betty Kelley, December 9, 1999. Interview K-0511. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kelley, Larry and
Kelley, Betty
conducted by Charles Thompson, Charles Thompson, and Rob Amberg
Larry Kelley shares the details of a lifetime of farming and other rural work while discussing the hardships he and others faced in the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Latrelle McAllister, June 25, 1998. Interview K-0173. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McAllister, Latrelle
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Latrelle McAllister remembers a nurturing, vibrant environment at West Charlotte High School and worries that this ethos may be at risk.
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Oral History Interview with Lauch Faircloth, July 16, 1999. Interview I-0070. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Faircloth, Lauch
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Successful farmer, businessman, and politician Lauch Faircloth discusses the changes in North Carolina's agricultural economy since World War II.
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Oral History Interview with Lauch Faircloth, March 22, 1999. Interview I-0069. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Faircloth, Lauch
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
North Carolina businessman and politician Lauch Faircloth describes his ascent through both business and politics.
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Oral History Interview with Laura B. Waddell, August 6, 2002. Interview R-0175. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Waddell, Laura B.
conducted by Kieran Taylor
Laura Waddell describes her successful career as a tailor as well as her civic activities in Savannah, GA.
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Oral History Interview with Laurie Pritchett, April 23, 1976. Interview B-0027. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pritchett, Laurie
conducted by James Reston
Laurie Pritchett, who served as a police chief in Albany, Georgia, for seven years, describes his role in the civil rights movement in that city. He encouraged a moderate response to large demonstrations in the 1960s, a tactic that prevented the negative publicity brought about by brutal police reaction to marches in other towns in the Deep South.
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Oral History Interview with Lawrence Rogin, November 2, 1975. Interview E-0013. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rogin, Lawrence
conducted by William Finger
Larry Rogin grew up in the Northeast in an immigrant family inclined toward radical politics. In the 1930s, Rogin became actively involved in the labor movement. In this interview, he describes his work in labor education, focusing specifically on the Brookwood Labor College, the Central Labor Union, and his work with the Hosiery Workers' Union in the South.
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Oral History Interview with Lemuel Delany, July 15, 2005. Interview R-0346. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Delany, Lemuel
conducted by Kimberly Hill
Lemuel Delany, Jr., grew up in segregated Raleigh, North Carolina, during the 1920s and 1930s before moving to Harlem in New York City. In this interview, Delany discusses race relations in the South and in the North, offers his reaction to his aunts' book Having Our Say , outlines his family's accomplishments, and explains his disapproval of some of the actions of the NAACP and his disappointment in the impact of desegregation on African American institutions.
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Oral History Interview with Leroy Beavers, Jr., August 8, 2002. Interview R-0170. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Beavers, Leroy
conducted by Kieran Taylor
Leroy Beavers despairs of the effects of integration on Savannah, Georgia.
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Oral History Interview with Leroy Campbell, January 4, 1991. Interview M-0007. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#40007)
Campbell, Leroy
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Leroy Campbell describes his experiences as the principal of the all-black Unity School in Iredell County, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Leroy Magness, March 27, 1999. Interview K-0438. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Magness, Leroy
conducted by Michelle Markey
Leroy Magness describes his belief in avoiding conflict, and how that belief shaped his response to the civil rights movement.
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Oral History Interview with Leroy Miller, June 8, 1998. Interview K-0174. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Miller, Leroy
conducted by Pamela Grundy
A black administrator describes the intricacies of administrative changes during desegregation and how he brought his passion for discipline to Charlotte-area schools, including West Charlotte High School.
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Oral History Interview with Leslie Thorbs, May 30, 2001. Interview K-0589. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Thorbs, Leslie
conducted by Leda Hartman
Leslie Thorbs describes growing up in a tenant farming family in DuPont, North Carolina, during the 1920s and 1930s. Thorbs describes his experiences with poverty, farming, factory work, race relations, and family life. He concludes the interview by discussing the devastating impact of Hurricane Floyd's flooding on his family and his community.
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Oral History Interview with Leslie W. Dunbar, December 18, 1978. Interview G-0075. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dunbar, Leslie W.
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and Helen Bresler
Former executive director of the Southern Regional Council Leslie Dunbar (1961-1965) discusses his involvement in the civil rights movement, focusing on changes that occurred in the early 1960s. Dunbar describes the SRC as an organization dedicated to changing people's attitudes about race. He emphasizes the SRC's attempts to work with the federal government—particularly the Kennedy administration—and other civil rights organizations, especially in the Voters Education Program.
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Oral History Interview with Letha Ann Sloan Osteen, June 8, 1979. Interview H-0254. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Osteen, Letha Ann Sloan
conducted by Allen Tullos and Georgia ?
Mrs. Osteen discusses how farming and mill work affected the mobility, size, health, and activities of families from about 1900 to the 1930s.
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Oral History Interview with Lillian Taylor Lyons, September 11, 1994. Interview Q-0094. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lyons, Lillian Taylor
conducted by Eddie McCoy
Born and raised in Oxford, North Carolina, in the early twentieth century, Lillian Taylor Lyons discusses her family history, her education, and her career as a teacher. Lyons also speaks at length about race relations in Oxford, arguing that Oxford was especially "forward-looking" in comparison to other Southern communities.
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Oral History Interview with Lindy Boggs, January 31, 1974. Interview A-0082. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Boggs, Lindy
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Louisiana Congresswoman Lindy Boggs discusses changes in Louisiana politics dating back to the 1930s, when she participated in the People's League, and through the 1950s and 1960s, which saw the gradual elimination of the "race issue" in politics. Boggs offers her thoughts on the nature of the Louisiana congressional delegation, the role of the South in Congress, and the impact of the women's movement on Congress during the 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with Loistine Defreece, February 16, 1991. Interview M-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Defreece, Loistine
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Loistine Defreece, the first black female principal in Lumberton, NC, discusses her job and reflects briefly on some of the challenges race poses to modern educators.
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Oral History Interview with Lonnie Poole, March 22, 1999. Interview I-0085. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Poole, Lonnie
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Private waste management company owner Lonnie Poole discusses the past and present of his incredibly successful endeavor.
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Oral History Interview with Louise Cole, March 16, 1995. Interview G-0157. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cole, Louise
conducted by Priscilla Murphy
Louise Cole, a devout Mormon, discusses her childhood in Baltimore, Maryland, and her education in microbiology and biochemistry at Brigham Young University in the mid-1960s. In 1977, Cole settled in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, with her family. In the late 1980s, she became actively involved in Putting Children First, a group concerned with issues in school curriculum such as multiculturalism and sex education and its impact on their children.
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Oral History Interview with Louise Pointer Morton, December 12, 1994. Interview Q-0067. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Morton, Louise Pointer
conducted by Eddie McCoy
Louise Pointer Morton describes life in rural Granville County, North Carolina during the early twentieth century. In addition to describing social gatherings and living conditions, Morton speaks at length about her formerly enslaved grandmother's role in the founding of the Jonathon (Johnson) Creek Church, alluding to the centrality of religion as a preeminent social institution within southern African American communities.
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Oral History Interview with Louise Rigsbee Jones, October 13, 1976. Interview H-0085-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, Louise
conducted by Mary Frederickson and Mary Frederickson
Louise Jones describes life and work in Bynum, North Carolina, a cotton mill town, during the first half of the twentieth century. Jones discusses the role of religion, marriage, and family in her life and in the community. In addition, she describes working as a winder in the cotton mill, focusing on such issues as work conditions, gender, balancing work and family, relationships between workers, and workers' benefits.
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Oral History Interview with Louise Rigsbee Jones, September 20, 1976. Interview H-0085-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jones, Louise Rigsbee
conducted by Mary Frederickson
Louise Riggsbee Jones describes growing up in Bynum, North Carolina—a cotton mill town—during the early twentieth century. She discusses her family and household economy, the role of religion in the community, her experiences in school, her work as a spinner in the cotton mill, and the different ways in which people received medical care in this small mill community.
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Oral History Interview with Louise Young, February 14, 1972. Interview G-0066. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Young, Louise
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Louise Young was an educated Southern woman from Tennessee who spent most of her adult life working to promote better race relations in the South. Young describes her years teaching at African American institutions of higher education—Paine College and the Hampton Institute—during the 1910s and 1920s; her job as the director of the Department of Home Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church, where she trained students at Scarritt College in race relations; her support of women's organizations, particularly the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching; and labor activism, as exemplified by the Highlander Folk School in Tennessee.
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Oral History Interview with Loy Connelly Cloniger, June 18, 1980. Interview H-0158. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cloniger, Loy Connelly
conducted by Allen Tullos
Former mechanic and streetcar foreman Loy Connelly Cloniger recalls the 1919 Charlotte Streetcar Strike by the Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. Though five strikers were killed, the strikers soon returned to work without the raise they demanded.
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Oral History Interview with Lucy Somerville Howorth, June 20, 22, and 23, 1975. Interview G-0028. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Howorth, Lucy Somerville
conducted by Constance Myers
Born in 1895, Lucy Somerville Howorth was born and raised in Mississippi. An activist for women's rights from an early age, Howorth was actively involved in the campaign for women's suffrage before she became a lawyer, a judge, and a politician. She describes her involvement in numerous women's organizations, her perceptions of the women who led those organizations, and their evolution over the years.
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Oral History Interview with Lyman Johnson, July 12, 1990. Interview A-0351. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Johnson, Lyman
conducted by John Egerton
Lyman Johnson traces his lifelong pursuit of racial equality through his father's rejection of racial hierarchies, his experiences as an educated black Navy solder, his observations of racial violence, and his efforts to get equal pay and union representation for Louisville teachers.
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Oral History Interview with Ma Vynee Betsch, November 22, 2002. Interview R-0301. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Betsch, Ma Vynee
conducted by Kieran Taylor
Environmentalist MaVynee Betsch remembers her childhood in an African-American neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, and her experiences with segregation and development.
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Oral History Interview with Mabel Pollitzer, June 16, 1974. Interview G-0047-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pollitzer, Mabel
conducted by Constance Myers
Mabel Pollitzer describes her involvement in the women's suffrage movement in Charleston, South Carolina. In particular, Pollitzer describes the leadership role of Susan Pringle Frost within the movement, the split between the National American Woman Suffrage Association and the National Woman's Party in the 1910s, and her perception of various leaders within the movement in South Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Mabel Pollitzer, September 19, 1973. Interview G-0047-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Pollitzer, Mabel
conducted by Constance Myers
Mabel Pollitzer was born Charleston, South Carolina, in 1885. After graduating from Columbia University in 1906, she returned to Charleston to teach biology at Memminger, an all-girls school. Pollitzer describes her involvement in the women's suffrage movement, her perception of politicians and women's rights leaders, and her civic work within the community of Charleston.
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Oral History Interview with Madge Hopkins, October 17, 2000. Interview K-0481. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hopkins, Madge
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Madge Hopkins, a graduate of West Charlotte High School and the vice-principal of the school at the time of the interview, describes her experiences with segregation and school desegregation in Charlotte, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Maggie W. Ray, November 9, 2000. Interview K-0825. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ray, Maggie W.
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Maggie Ray, teacher at West Charlotte High School in Charlotte, North Carolina, reflects on the legacies of desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Margaret Edwards, January 20, 2002. Interview R-0157. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Edwards, Margaret
conducted by Barbara Copeland
Margaret Edwards grew up in a large, African American sharecropping family in Ayden, North Carolina during the 1950s and 1960s. She eventually settled in the Raleigh area. Following her experiences with the Baptist and Pentecostal Holiness churches, she converted to Mormonism in 1998. In this interview, she discusses her role within the Mormon Church as an African American woman; the intersections between race, gender, and religion; and the attitude of other denominations toward Mormonism.
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Oral History Interview with Margaret Keesee-Forrester, April 21, 1989. Interview C-0065. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Keesee-Forrester, Margaret
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom
Margaret Kessee-Forrester, a native of Greensboro, North Carolina, became the first woman from Guilford County elected to the North Carolina General Assembly. In this interview, she describes her experiences as a woman serving in the state legislature during the 1970s and 1980s, her involvement in the women's movement, and her stance as a moderate Republican.
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Oral History Interview with Margaret Kennedy Goodwin, September 26, 1997. Interview R-0113. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Goodwin, Margaret Kennedy
conducted by Angela Hornsby
Margaret Kennedy Goodwin grew up in Durham, North Carolina, during the 1920s and 1930s. In this interview, she describes a thriving African American community in Durham, one that she views as having suffered at the hands of urban renewal during the 1970s and 1980s. In addition, she describes her educational aspirations and her career as a technician in the radiology laboratory at Durham's Lincoln Hospital.
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Oral History Interview with Margaret Skinner Parker, March 7, 1976. Interview H-0278. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Parker, Margaret Skinner
conducted by W. Weldon Huske
Margaret Skinner Parker recalls life in the mill town of Coolemee, NC, in the first half of the 20th century, sharing recollections of fun and financial struggle.
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Oral History Interview with Marguerite Tolbert, June 14, 1974. Interview G-0062. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Tolbert, Marguerite
conducted by Constance Myers
Marguerite Tolbert worked throughout her life as an educator in South Carolina public schools and universities for adult education. She describes her education and high school graduation through stories from her book, South Carolina's Distinguished Women from Laurens County. She recounts how she earned a scholarship to Winthrop College and met her teaching colleagues, Wil Lou Gray and Dr. D.B. Johnson; describes local activism for women's suffrage between 1914 and 1920; and recalls encounters with leaders, including President Hoover and Jane Addams. She concludes by discussing the controversy at Winthrop College over a discrepancy in female teachers' salaries.
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Oral History Interview with Marion Wright, March 8, 1978. Interview B-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Wright, Marion
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Marion Wright was one of a group of white southerners who sought to tackle the entrenched racism of the 20th-century South. As a member of the Southern Regional Council (SRC), he sought to do so without direct action. This interview is a portrait of a civil rights leader in the era before the movement was defined by public protest
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Oral History Interview with Martha Cooley, April 25, 1995. Interview Q-0019. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cooley, Martha
conducted by Eddie McCoy
Martha Cooley describes her childhood in rural Granville County, NC, during the early part of the 20th century.
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Oral History Interview with Martha McKay, June 13, 1989. Interview C-0076. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McKay, Martha
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom and Kathryn Nasstrom
Martha McKay was actively involved in student politics at the University of North Carolina before her graduation with a degree in economics in 1941. During those years, she formed a friendship with Terry Sanford—future North Carolina state Senator, U.S. Senator, and Governor, and president of Duke University—and later worked for his gubernatorial campaign. Here, McKay describes her active involvement in Sanford's gubernatorial campaign, the Democratic Party, and the women's rights movement during the 1960s and 1970s. She discusses her role as a founding member of the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus, the need for effective leadership and organization for women's rights, and the progress women had made in politics.
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Oral History Interview with Martha McKay, March 29, 1974. Interview A-0324. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McKay, Martha C.
conducted by Belinda Riggsbee
Martha McKay, women's rights activist and Democratic Party member, describes the defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment in the North Carolina General Assembly in 1973. Focusing on the role of the North Carolina Women's Political Caucus in lobbying for ratification of the amendment, McKay describes how the opposition successfully organized to defeat the amendment and how that defeat affected the NCWCP.
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Oral History Interview with Martha W. Evans, June 26, 1974. Interview A-0318. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Evans, Martha W.
conducted by William (Bill) Moye
Martha W. Evans was already an active participant in Charlotte, North Carolina, politics when she was elected as a state legislator in 1962. In this interview, she describes local and state politics as they related to the great physical and economic growth Charlotte experienced from the late 1950s into the 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with Martin Gerry, August 28, 1991. Interview L-0157. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gerry, Martin
conducted by William Link
Martin Gerry recalls his efforts, as the director of the Office of Civil Rights, to accelerate desegregation in North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Mary Robertson, August 13, 1979. Interview H-0288. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Robertson, Mary
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Mary Robertson offers an insider's view of the organized labor movement in western North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Mattie Bell, Earl, Artis and Thomas Cavenaugh and Betsy Easter, December 7, 1999. Interview K-0282. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cavenaugh, Mattie Bell,
Cavenaugh, Earl,
Cavenaugh, Artis,
Cavenaugh, Thomas, and
Easter, Betsy
conducted by Charles Thompson, Charles Thompson, and Rob Amberg
Earl and Mattie Bell Cavanaugh, both over 80, express concern with the erosion of more values and discuss their frustrations with the government after Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Mattie Shoemaker and Mildred Shoemaker Edmonds, March 23, 1979. Interview H-0046. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Shoemaker, Mattie and
Edmonds, Mildred Shoemaker
conducted by Mary Murphy
Sisters Mattie Shoemaker and Mildred Shoemaker Edmonds discuss their experiences at a textile mill in Burlington, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Maury Maverick, October 27, 1975. Interview A-0323. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Maverick, Maury
conducted by Chandler Davidson
Born into a long line of Texas politicians, Maury Maverick, Jr., served in the Texas House of Representatives for six years during the 1950s, and as a lawyer from the 1960s into the 1970s. Maverick speaks at length about his radical political leanings and the evolution of liberalism in Texas.
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Oral History Interview with Millie Tripp, August 12, 1994. Interview K-0112. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Tripp, Millie
conducted by Valerie Pawlewicz
Millie Tripp describes her career at the White Furniture Factory, focusing on weathering a merger and a plant closing.
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Oral History Interview with Miriam Slifkin, March 24, 1995. Interview G-0175. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Slifkin, Miriam
conducted by Lynne Degitz
Founder of the Orange County Rape Crisis Center Miriam Slifkin discusses the issue of rape within the context of the local women's movement in Orange County, North Carolina. The founding of the OCRCC was illustrative of growing tensions between feminism and anti-feminism in Orange County. The issue of rape is also situated more broadly within the context of the women's liberation movement in the 1970s, especially in relationship to legal changes, the formation of women's studies curriculum, and the relationship between local and national aspects of the movement.
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Oral History Interview with Modjeska Simkins, July 28, 1976. Interview G-0056-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Simkins, Modjeska
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
African American civil rights activist Modjeska Simkins describes her upbringing in a prosperous family during the early twentieth century. She charts her work with the Tuberculosis Association, the NAACP, and the Richland County Citizens' Committee. Throughout the interview, Simkins offers telling anecdotes about racial tensions in South Carolina, the inner workings of civil rights organizations, and relationships between leaders of the movement.
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Oral History Interview with Modjeska Simkins, May 11, 1990. Interview A-0356. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Simkins, Modjeska
conducted by John Egerton
Civil rights leader Modjeska Simkins discusses race and civil rights before World War II.
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Oral History Interview with Modjeska Simkins, November 15, 1974. Interview G-0056-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Simkins, Modjeska
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Modjeska Simkins describes growing up in a prosperous African American family, going to school, and her thoughts on "color consciousness" during her childhood in Columbia, South Carolina. In addition, she discusses her involvement in the South Carolina Interracial Commission and other race organizations beginning in the 1920s, her thoughts on women's unique capabilities as leaders of social justice movements, and the nature of racial tension in the South.
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Oral History Interview with Moon Landrieu, January 11, 1974. Interview A-0089. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Landrieu, Moon
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
New Orleans Mayor Moon Landrieu describes the changing political landscape of the Crescent City following World War II through his tenure as mayor in the 1970s. Stressing the importance of voter registration and the appointment of African American public officials, Landrieu emphasizes the role of political leadership in effecting real change in New Orleans race relations during the long years of the civil rights movement.
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Oral History Interview with Mrs. Howard K. Glenn, June 27, 1977. Interview H-22. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Glenn, Josephine K.
conducted by Cliff Kuhn
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Oral History Interview with Murphy Yomen Sigmon, July 27, 1979. Interview H-0142. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Sigmon, Murphy Yomen
conducted by Patty Dilley
Murphy Yomen Sigmon reflects on a working life, most of which he spent in a cotton mill in Hickory, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Nancy Brown Tysor, October 19, 1999. Interview K-0811. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Tysor, Nancy Brown
conducted by Bruce E. Baker
Lifelong Chatham County, North Carolina, resident Nancy Brown Tysor describes the changes she has witnessed in Siler City.
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Oral History Interview with Nancy Holt, October 27, 1985. Interview K-0010. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Holt, Nancy
conducted by Frances E. Webb
Nancy Holt, raised in North Carolina's Cane Creek community and a member of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority, discusses the reaction of the community when UNC and the Orange County Water and Sewer Authority attempted to build a reservoir in Cane Creek.
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Oral History Interview with Nancy Kester Neale, August 6, 1983. Interview F-0036. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Neale, Nancy Kester and
Neale, Nancy Kester
conducted by Dallas Blanchard and Dallas Blanchard
Nancy Kester Neale remembers her father, Howard "Buck" Kester, who founded the Southern Tenant Farmers Union and held leadership positions in the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen and the Committee on Economic and Racial Justice.
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Oral History Interview with Nancy Palm, December 16, 1974. Interview A-0194. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Palm, Nancy
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Nancy Palm was the chairperson of the Republican Party in Harris County, Texas, during the 1960s and 1970s. She describes her own transition from liberal to conservative in the 1950s; the importance of political organization to the evolution of the Republican Party in Texas; her perception of women's liberation, and the role of such politicians as John G. Tower, John Connally, George Bush, and Richard Nixon in the rise of Southern conservatism
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Oral History Interview with Naomi Elizabeth Morris, November 11 and 16, 1982, and March 29, 1983. Interview B-0050. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Morris, Naomi Elizabeth
conducted by Pat Devine
Naomi Elizabeth Morris grew up in Wilson, North Carolina, during the 1920s and 1930s. After graduating with a degree in English from Atlantic Christian College in the early 1940s, she worked as a legal secretary before deciding to go to law school at University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. One of the only women to graduate with her class in 1955, Morris practiced law for twelve years before becoming one of the original judges to serve on the North Carolina Court of Appeals.
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Oral History Interview with Naomi Sizemore Trammel, March 25, 1980. Interview H-0258. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Trammel, Naomi Sizemore
conducted by Allen Tullos
Naomi Sizemore Trammel recalls her life as a textile mill worker in Greer, South Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Nate Davis, February 6, 2001. Interview K-0538. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Davis, Nate
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Segregation and integration caused difficulties in the life of this African American student.
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Oral History Interview with Ned Irons, March 16, 1999. Interview K-0170. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Irons, Ned
conducted by Pamela Grundy
White student reflects on race and racism at West Charlotte High School.
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Oral History Interview with Nelle Morton, June 29, 1983. Interview F-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Morton, Nelle
conducted by Dallas A. Blanchard
Nelle Morton served as the General Secretary of the Fellowship of Southern Churchmen from 1944 to 1950. In this interview, she describes her perception of the leaders of the Fellowship and the organization's aims and strategies in advocating for various social justice causes, including racial integration and labor activism. In addition, she describes her leadership of a male-dominated organization and how her work with the Fellowship raised her awareness of the need for women's liberation as well.
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Oral History Interview with Olive Stone, August 13, 1975. Interview G-0059-4. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Stone, Olive
conducted by Sherna Gluck
Sociologist Olive Stone describes her work as the dean of Huntingdon College (1929-1934), her doctoral work at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1934-1936), and her work in radical politics and for social justice during the 1930s. In addition, Stone speaks at length about her life as a single woman, both professionally and socially.
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Oral History Interview with Orlin P. Shuping, June 15, 1975. Interview H-0290. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Shuping, Orlin P.
conducted by Brent Glass
Orlin P. Shuping describes running a mill in Rowan County, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Orval Faubus, June 14, 1974. Interview A-0031. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Faubus, Orval
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Orval Faubus defends his legacy.
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Oral History Interview with Oscar Dearmont Baker, June 1977. Interview H-0110. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Baker, Oscar Dearmont
conducted by Patty Dilley
Oscar Dearmont Baker spent his childhood and most of his adult life in Conover, North Carolina. In this interview, he describes his experiences working in the furniture and hosiery industries, paying particular attention to his time spent at Conover Furniture. He also describes broader changes within the city of Conover.
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Oral History Interview with Patricia Long, November 14, 1996. Interview G-0215. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Long, Patricia
conducted by Sherry Honeycutt
Patricia Long became an active member of Pullen Baptist Church, known for its progressive social activism, during the late 1980s. She describes how her involvement with Pullen allowed her to come to terms with her own lesbian sexuality and details the process by which Pullen decided to sanction holy unions between gay and lesbian couples.
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Oral History Interview with Patricia Neal, June 6, 1989. Interview C-0068. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Neal, Patricia
conducted by Kathryn Nasstrom
Patricia Neal settled in Durham, North Carolina, during the 1950s and became an active member of the community. Having served on the County Board of Education from the late 1960s through the 1980s, Neal describes the process of integration and its impact on Durham schools and on the community.
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Oral History Interview with Paul and Pauline Griffith, May 30, 1980. Interview H-0247. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Griffith, Paul and
Griffith, Pauline
conducted by Allen Tullos
Paul and Pauline Griffith spent their working careers in the Judson Mill in Greenville, South Carolina. They offer an overview on conditions in the mill and how the work changed from the 1920s into the 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with Paul Hardin, Jr., December 8, 1989. Interview C-0071. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hardin, Paul
conducted by Donald Mathews
Bishop Paul Hardin helped bring about racial integration of the United Methodist denomination in the 1960s. He recalls several points in his long ministry career when white and black pastors opposed his efforts to move ministers to other districts, accept church members of other races, and dissolve the Black Methodist district. Supportive church members helped him withstand criticism of his personal stance, even when he faced pressure from conservative ministers on one side and Martin Luther King on the other.
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Oral History Interview with Peter Holmes, April 18, 1991. Interview L-0168. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Holmes, Peter
conducted by William Link
Peter Holmes served as the Director of the Office for Civil Rights (OCR) from 1973 to 1975. In this interview, he discusses the challenges the OCR faced in developing and enforcing guidelines for the desegregation of higher education in southern states.
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Oral History Interview with Phillips Russell, November 18, 1974. Interview B-0011-3. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Russell, Phillips
conducted by Mary Frederickson
Southern writer and University of North Carolina professor Charles Phillips Russell describes his participation as a teacher in worker education programs during the 1930s and 1940s. Focusing specifically on the Southern Summer School for Workers and the Black Mountain College Institute of the Textile Workers of America, Russell compares the role of faculty, the role of students, and the curriculum at each institution. In addition, he speculates on schools of thought endorsing political action and economic action within the labor movement, specifically as they related to worker education.
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Oral History Interview with Phyllis Tyler, October 10, 1988. Interview C-0080. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Tyler, Phyllis
conducted by Terri Myers
Phyllis Tyler first moved to North Carolina during the 1940s in order to join the Blessed Community of Quakers in Celo. In the 1950s, she moved with her family to Raleigh, where she became increasingly involved in the civil rights movement. Throughout the interview, she emphasizes the changing nature of race relations from the 1950s into the 1980s.
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Oral History Interview with Raleigh Bailey, December 6, 2000. Interview K-0270. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bailey, Raleigh
conducted by Barbara Lau
Raleigh Bailey describes his work with Southeast Asian immigrant groups in Greensboro, North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Raney Norwood, January 9, 2001. Interview K-0556. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Norwood, Raney
conducted by Bob Gilgor
A former student at Lincoln and Chapel Hill High School recalls the frustrations of integration.
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Oral History Interview with Ray Spain, January 26, 1990. Interview M-0029. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Spain, Ray
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Ray Spain, the principal of Bertie High School at the time of this interview, describes his management style and the demands of his job.
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Oral History Interview with Raymond Dawson, February 4, 1991. Interview L-0133. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dawson, Raymond
conducted by William Link
Former Vice-President of Academic Affairs at the University of North Carolina, Raymond Dawson, discusses tensions surrounding federal desegregation orders in North Carolina during the 1970s. Because of North Carolina's comparatively large number of historically black colleges, the state became a testing ground for the federal government to explore ways to integrate public education while preserving historically black colleges.
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Oral History Interview with Raymond Rapp, November 17, 2000. Interview K-0253. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Rapp, Raymond
conducted by Rob Amberg
Mars Hill, N.C., mayor Raymond Rapp outlines his vision for planned development and discusses how to find balance between the desire for a small-town feel and a big-town economy.
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Oral History Interview with Raymond, Eunice, Wayne, and Charles Russell English, December 8, 1999. Interview K-0280. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
English, Raymond,
English, Eunice,
English, Wayne, and
English, Charles Russell
conducted by Charles Thompson, Charles Thompson, and Rob Amberg
Raymond and Eunice English, along with their son and nephew, worry that Hurricane Floyd may have irreparably crippled the aging Duplin County, N.C., farming community.
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Oral History Interview with Rebecca Clark, June 21, 2000. Interview K-0536. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clark, Rebecca
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Rebecca Clark describes the economic impact of Jim Crow: denying African Americans desirable jobs, forcing them into low-paying jobs, and humiliating African American consumers.
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Oral History Interview with Renee and Ashley Lee, December 19, 1999. Interview K-0284. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Lee, Renee and
Lee, Ashley
conducted by Charles Thompson and Rob Amberg
Renee and Ashley Lee reminisce about life in Whitestocking, N.C., and express frustration with the government's sluggish and bureaucracy-laden relief effort.
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Oral History Interview with Reubin Askew, July 8, 1974. Interview A-0045. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Askew, Reubin
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Florida governor Reubin Askew describes his approach to politics and comments on the political character of Florida and the American South.
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Oral History Interview with Richard Arrington, July 18, 1974. Interview A-0001. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Arrington, Richard and
Arrington, Richard
conducted by Jack Bass and Jack Bass
African American Birmingham City Council member Richard Arrington discusses the slowly increasing presence of African Americans on Birmingham's political landscape.
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Oral History Interview with Richard Barentine, January 28, 1999. Interview I-0068. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Barentine, Richard
conducted by Joseph Mosnier and Dorothy Darr
Richard Barentine, CEO of the International Home Furnishing Marketing Association, describes his leadership style and his contributions to Winston-Salem's furniture industry.
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Oral History Interview with Richard Bowman, July 8, 1998. Interview K-0513. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bowman, Richard and
Bowman, Richard
conducted by Kelly Navies
Richard Bowman reflects on growing up in segregated Asheville, North Carolina, and facing racism during his employment with the Army and the Los Angeles Department of Motor Vehicles. He also discusses his work to improve the current Asheville school district and rebuild his old high school. He lived in Los Angeles for four decades and experienced two major riots.
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Oral History Interview with Richard H. Moore, August 2, 2002. Interview K-0598. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Moore, Richard
conducted by Leda Hartman
North Carolina State Treasurer and former Secretary of Crime Control and Public Safety Richard Moore describes the impact of Hurricane Floyd (1999) and the state government's response to the crisis. Moore describes the evolution of the Division of Emergency Management during his term and what he sees as its increasing effectiveness in responding to natural disasters.
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Oral History Interview with Richard Hicks, February 1, 1991. Interview M-0023. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hicks, Richard
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Richard Hicks, who in 1991 was the principal of the all-black Hillside High School in Orange County, NC, describes his job and offers some brief thoughts on the minimal impact of desegregation on his career in education.
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Oral History Interview with Richard Lee Hoffman Jr., November 8, 2000. Interview K-0505. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hoffman, Richard Lee
conducted by Rob Amberg
In this interview, Richard Lee Hoffman Jr., a real estate broker in Mars Hill, N.C., describes his response to the growth ushered in by the construction of the I-26 corridor.
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Oral History Interview with Rita Jackson Samuels, April 30, 1974. Interview A-0077. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Samuels, Rita Jackson
conducted by Jack Bass and Walter DeVries
Rita Jackson Samuels, Coordinator of the Governor's Council on Human Relations in Atlanta, GA, describes her role in expanding the presence of African Americans in Georgia's state government.
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Oral History Interview with Robert Cole, May 10, 1981. Interview H-0311. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cole, Robert
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Robert Cole recalls a violent strike in a textile mill located near the Tennessee-North Carolina border.
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Oral History Interview with Robert Lee Mangum, November 18, 2003. Interview U-0008. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Mangum, Robert Lee
conducted by Malinda Maynor
The Reverend Robert Lee Mangum channels his Christian faith into social action in Robeson County, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Robert Logan, December 28, 1990. Interview M-0027. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Logan, Robert
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Robert Logan, principal of Hugh M. Cummings High School in Burlington, NC, reflects on the details of his job and the challenge of race in the post-desegregation atmosphere.
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Oral History Interview with Robert R. Sampson, October 9, 2002. Interview R-0182. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Sampson, Robert R.
conducted by Angela Hornsby
Pharmacist Robert Sampson describes how urban renewal efforts dispersed a thriving black business community in Greensboro, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Robert Riley, Sr., February 1, 1994. Interview K-0106. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Riley, Robert
conducted by Chris Stewart
obert Riley, Sr., describes his thirty-one years at the White Furniture plant in Mebane, NC, a tenure that ended with the plant's closing in 1993.
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Oral History Interview with Robert Winston, January 26, 1991. Interview M-0030. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Winston, Robert
conducted by Goldie F. Wells and Goldie F. Wells
Robert Winston, principal of Wake Forest-Rolesville High School, describes his duties in this interview, reflecting briefly on the impact of desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Robert Yost, November 22, 2000. Interview K-0487. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Yost, Robert
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Robert Yost discusses coaching chess and teaching English at West Charlotte High School in Charlotte, N.C.
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Oral History Interview with Roy Ham, 1977. Interview H-0123-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ham, Roy
conducted by Patty Dilley
Roy Ham tells stories and sings his way through an interview that reveals more about Ham the character than it does about the industrializing South.
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Oral History Interview with Roy Lee and Mary Ruth Auton, February 28, 1980. Interview H-0108. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Auton, Roy Lee and
Auton, Mary Ruth
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Roy Lee Auton reflects on a string of jobs and a string of wives in this engaging interview.
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Oral History Interview with Ruth Dial Woods, June 12, 1992. Interview L-0078. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Woods, Ruth Dial
conducted by Anne Mitchell Coe and Laura Moore
Ruth Dial Woods describes growing up as a Lumbee Indian in Robeson County, North Carolina, in the 1930s and 1940s. During the 1960s, Woods participated in the civil rights and women's liberation movements. In 1985, she was appointed to the University of North Carolina Board of Governors, where she worked to promote equality for minority students.
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Oral History Interview with Ruth Vick, 1973. Interview B-0057. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Vick, Ruth
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall and Bob Hall
In this lengthy interview, Ruth Vick describes her tenure at the Southern Regional Council (SRC), an interracial organization committed to racial justice in the South. The SRC supported the direct action civil rights movement that emerged in force in the 1950s and 1960s, but chose study over sit-ins as a means of change. This interview addresses this decision as well as decades of internal disputes.
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Oral History Interview with S.J. and Leonia Farrar, May 28, 2003. Interview K-0652. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Farrar, Samuel James (S.J.) and
Farrar, Leonia
conducted by Peggy Van Scoyoc
Samuel and Leonia Farrar remember a lifetime of hard work in rural and urban North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Salter and Doris Cochran, April 12, 1997. Interview R-0014. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cochran, Salter and
Cochran, Doris
conducted by Karen Kruse Thomas
Salter and Doris Cochran reflect on the many challenges that faced them in their efforts to desegregate medical care and public education in Weldon, North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Sam Crawford, October 26, 1985. Interview K-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Crawford, Sam
conducted by Judith Wheeler
Sam Crawford describes the formation and activities of the Cane Creek Conservation Authority in their battle against the Orange Water and Sewer Authority's effort to build a reservoir on Cane Creek in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He focuses on the grassroots nature of the CCCA's actions and offers commentary about what he views as the exploitative nature of land development.
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Oral History Interview with Sam Parker, December 5, 2000. Interview K-0252. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Parker, Sam
conducted by Rob Amberg
Sam Parker, Madison County Probation/Parole Officer, praises rural life in the interview.
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Oral History Interview with Saundra Davis, May 12, 1998. Interview K-0278. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Davis, Saundra
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Enthusiasm for West Charlotte High School clashes with uncertainty about the efficacy of integration.
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Oral History Interview with Scott Hoyman, Fall 1973. Interview E-0009. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hoyman, Scott
conducted by Carolyn Ashbaguh and Dan McCurry
Textile Workers Union of America organizer and regional director Scott Hoyman discusses the Oneita Knitting Mill strike of 1973 in South Carolina. Throughout the interview, he focuses on strategies of the TWUA in organizing textile workers, bargaining and negotiating with textile companies, and tactics for successfully protecting workers' rights.
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Oral History Interview with Scott Hoyman, July 16, 1974. Interview E-0010. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hoyman, Scott
conducted by Bill Finger
Scott Hoyman worked as an organizer and bargainer for the Textile Workers Union of America. In the 1950s, he was transferred to the South, where he was primarily based in North Carolina, following the Baldanzi-Rieve split in the TWUA. He describes his work during the 1950s and 1960s, focusing primarily on obstacles the TWUA faced in organizing southern textile mills during these years.
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Oral History Interview with Septima Poinsette Clark, July 25, 1976. Interview G-0016. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clark, Septima Poinsette
conducted by Jacquelyn Hall
Septima Clark served as a board member and education director for the Highlander Folk School and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in the 1950s and 1960s. She links her activism to the memory of her parents' struggles with poverty and racism. She also describes how community relations functioned within the NAACP and SCLC. Her plans for increasing community involvement, protecting the labor rights of black teachers, and educating black voters were often ignored because she was female. She discusses why these types of gender roles persisted in the SCLC and the role of leaders in the black community.
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Oral History Interview with Septima Poinsette Clark, July 30, 1976. Interview G-0017. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clark, Septima Poinsette
conducted by Eugene Walker
Septima Clark describes the work of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in the late 1950s to mid 1960s, especially the community education programs that she directed for the SCLC and the Highlander Folk School. She rejoices in the new voters and civil rights legislation that resulted from their work but noticed drawbacks arising from prejudice against female leaders, disdain for the poor, and clashes in leadership styles.
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Oral History Interview with Sheila Florence, January 20, 2001. Interview K-0544. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Florence, Sheila
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Sheila Florence, among the first African Americans to desegregate Chapel Hill High School in Chapel Hill, NC, remembers growing up in the segregated South and working to end desegregation.
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Oral History Interview with Sherwood Smith, March 23, 1999. Interview I-0079. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Smith, Sherwood
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Sherwood Smith, Chairman of the Board of Carolina Power and Light, reflects on the energy business, and business in general, in North Carolina from the 1960s to the late 1990s.
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Oral History Interview with Sid McMath, September 8, 1990. Interview A-0352. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
McMath, Sid
conducted by John Egerton
Sid McMath was the governor of Arkansas from 1949 to 1953. A staunch liberal Democrat, McMath advocated for the inclusion of African Americans in the Democratic party and in higher education, challenged the patriarchal control of the power companies over the state, and improved infrastructure. Here, he describes his perception of the Dixiecrat revolt of 1948 and his belief that federal intervention was necessary to end Jim Crow segregation in the South.
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Oral History Interview with Sid Smith, January 25, 1999. Interview I-0081. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Smith, Sid
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Robert Sidney Smith, president and CEO of the National Association of Hosiery Manufacturers, discusses the hosiery industry in North Carolina and the U.S.
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Oral History Interview with Stan Gryskiewicz, January 15, 1999. Interview S-0017. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gryskiewicz, Stan
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Stan Gryskiewicz worked as a psychologist for the Center for Creative Leadership beginning with its inception in 1970. In this interview (the second of two), Gryskiewicz describes the Center's development in creativity leadership programs and marketing, its evolution and gradual globalization from the 1970s into the 1990s, and the role of various leaders of the organization.
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Oral History Interview with Stan Gryskiewicz, November 5, 1998. Interview S-0016. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gryskiewicz, Stan
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Stan Gryskiewicz worked as a psychologist for the Center for Creative Leadership from its inception in 1970. In this interview (the first of two), Gryskiewicz describes his background in psychology, his initial duties with the Center during the 1970s, the Center's 1973 managerial reorganization, his perception of various leaders within the Center, and his research in creative leadership development.
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Oral History Interview with Stan Hyatt, November 30, 2000. Interview K-0249. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hyatt, Stan
conducted by Rob Amberg
Stan Hyatt, the Department of Transportations resident engineer on the I-26 project, misses the past but sees the corridor as a cure for Madison County's economic ills.
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Oral History Interview with Stanford Raynold Brookshire, August 18, 1975. Interview B-0067. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Brookshire, Stanford Raynold
conducted by Bill Moye
Stanford Raynold Brookshire, Charlotte's first four-term mayor, explains why Charlotte and Mecklenburg County failed to consolidate their city services in the early 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with Stella Nickerson, January 20, 2001. Interview K-0554. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Nickerson, Stella
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Rita Jackson Samuels, Coordinator of the Governor's Council on Human Relations in Atlanta, GA, describes her role in expanding the presence of African Americans in Georgia's state government.
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Oral History Interview with Stetson Kennedy, May 11, 1990. Interview A-0354. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Kennedy, Stetson
conducted by John Egerton
Veteran activist Stetson Kennedy describes his desire to strike down segregation in the American South and some of the ways he translated this impulse into action.
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Oral History Interview with Steve Cherry, February 19, 1999. Interview K-0430. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Cherry, Steve
conducted by Mark Jones
Steve Cherry describes desegregation from the perspective of a coach and a principal in Lincoln County, North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Steve Holland, December 16, 1999. Interview K-0510. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Holland, Steve
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Steve Holland, a Republican county commissioner and businessman in Pender County, N.C., describes the personal and bureaucratic struggles he faced the aftermath of Hurricane Floyd.
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Oral History Interview with Strom Thurmond, July 1978. Interview A-0334. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Thurmond, Strom
conducted by James G. Banks
Strom Thurmond discusses his childhood and the people who inspired his long political career. He focuses on his parents' work and on local politicians like Benjamin Tillman. He recounts how he lived out his values in regards to the United States constitution and race relations. As an attorney, judge, and governor, Thurmond advocated for states' rights and witnessed the desegregation of South Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Tawana Belinda Wilson-Allen, May 11, 2006. Interview U-0098. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Wilson-Allen, Tawana Belinda
conducted by Elizabeth Gritter
Tawana Belinda Wilson-Allen recalls her community activist work and her service as a congressional liaison for Congressman Mel Watt. She assesses the tensions between lower-income and wealthier residents in Charlotte, North Carolina.
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Oral History Interview with Taylor Barnhill, November 29, 2000. Interview K-0245. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Barnhill, Taylor
conducted by Rob Amberg
Taylor Barnhill, an environmental activist concerned about the effects of development on communities, describes his rural childhood and its impact on his adult life.
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Oral History Interview with Terry Graham, March 22, 1999. Interview K-0434. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Graham, Terry
conducted by Amanda Covington
Terry Graham, Mooresville, NC, resident and taxi service operator, describes his changing town and its relationship to Charlotte. He also discusses the desegregation of the local schools.
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Oral History Interview with Terry Sanford, [date unknown]. Interview A-0140. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Sanford, Terry
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Terry Sanford recalls his political career as a Democratic governor of North Carolina. He explains the impact of race on Southern politics and the realignment of political parties in the late twentieth century. Sanford attempts to reject the image of Southern exceptionalism.
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Oral History Interview with Terry Sanford, August 20 and 21, 1976. Interview A-0328-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Sanford, Terry
conducted by Brent Glass
Terry Sanford was a North Carolina governor and Democratic U.S. Senator. This interview describes his political career since 1960, including his unsuccessful presidential run and his term as president of Duke University.
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Oral History Interview with Terry Sanford, December 16 and 18, 1986. Interview C-0038. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Sanford, Terry
conducted by Brent Glass
Terry Sanford, a Democratic politician who served as a state senator, governor, and US Senator in North Carolina and held the presidency at Duke University, reflects on his political career.
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Oral History Interview with Terry Sanford, December 18, 1990. Interview L-0050. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Sanford, Terry
conducted by Cindy Cheatham
Former Governor of North Carolina Terry Sanford lauds the leadership of Anne Queen, director of the YMCA/YWCA at University of North Carolina. In addition, Sanford discusses his advocacy of the civil rights movement and argues that the University of North Carolina was a particularly powerful force for social change during the mid-twentieth century.
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Oral History Interview with Thomas and Elberta Hudson, December 18, 1999. Interview K-0283. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hudson, Thomas Samuel and
Pugh-Hudson, Elberta
conducted by Charles Thompson, Charles Thompson, and Rob Amberg
The Hudsons explain that although God used the Floyd flood to warn against materialism, He helped many escape the floodwaters and oversaw astonishing generosity afterward.
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Oral History Interview with Thomas Burt, February 6, 1979. Interview H-0194-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Burt, Thomas
conducted by Glenn Hinson
Thomas Burt, a journeyman worker, recalls a variety of jobs he took in and around Durham, NC, with a focus on his employment in a tobacco factory.
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Oral History Interview with Thomas Henderson, October 28, 1999. Interview K-0228. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Henderson, Thomas
conducted by Charles Thompson and Charles Thompson
Thomas Henderson was born in Brookneil, Virginia, a small, tobacco farming community. He later became a tobacco buyer in Greenville, North Carolina. Focusing on the tobacco industry in the 1930s and 1940s, Henderson explains the establishment of gradation policies for the tobacco industry as a New Deal reform measure; the process of buying and selling tobacco at auction; and changes in tobacco farming.
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Oral History Interview with Thurman Couch, February 12, 2001. Interview K-0537. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Couch, Thurman
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Thurman Couch describes social, cultural, and economic splintering in African American networks in Chapel Hill following integration.
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Oral History Interview with Tracy L. H. Burnett, November 15, 1994. Interview K-0088. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Burnett, Tracy L. H.
conducted by Jeff Cowie
Tracy L. H. Burnett finds financial success after the closing of the White Furniture Company.
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Oral History Interview with U.W. Clemon, July 17, 1974. Interview A-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clemon, U. W.
conducted by Jack Bass
Birmingham lawyer and politician U.W. Clemon describes his place in Birmingham politics and the city's continuing problems with race.
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Oral History Interview with Vennie Moore, February 24, 1999. Interview K-0439. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Moore, Vennie
conducted by Brian Campbell and Laura Hajar
Vennie Moore recalls her childhood in segregated Davidson, NC.
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Oral History Interview with Venton Bell, January 30, 1991. Interview M-0018. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Bell, Venton
conducted by Goldie F. Wells
Venton Bell, principal of Harding High School in Charlotte, NC, describes his duties and reflects on race and education.
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Oral History Interview with Vickie Jacobs, December 11, 1993. Interview K-0100. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Jacobs, Vickie
conducted by Joyce Blackwell-Johnson
Vickie Jacobs describes her career in North Carolina's furniture industry, including her time on the job and her response to the closing of the Hillsborough location of the White Furniture Company.
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Oral History Interview with Viola Turner, April 15, 1979. Interview C-0015. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Turner, Viola
conducted by Walter Weare
Viola Turner, who served as treasurer of North Carolina Mutual Insurance Company, describes her childhood in Macon, Georgia, and her experiences in Durham, North Carolina, after she settled there in the early 1920s following brief sojourns in Alabama, Mississippi, and Oklahoma. In remembering her life experiences in the early twentieth century. She focuses particularly on education, race relations, the importance of skin color, and segregation in business and leisure activities in the South.
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Oral History Interview with Virginia Durr, February 6, 1991. Interview A-0337. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durr, Virginia
conducted by John Egerton
Civil rights activist Virginia Foster Durr describes her involvement in the nascent civil rights movement of the 1940s and 1950s.
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Oral History Interview with Virginia Foster Durr, March 13, 14, 15, 1975. Interview G-0023-1. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durr, Virginia Foster
conducted by Sue Thrasher and Jacquelyn Hall
Virginia Foster Durr discusses her early life and how she became aware of the social justice problems plaguing twentieth-century America. In this part of a multi-part interview, Durr describes her life on the plantation when she was a child; race issues in Birmingham, where she grew up; and how her views began to change when she left Birmingham to attend Wellesley College.
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Oral History Interview with Virginia Foster Durr, March 13, 14, 15, 1975. Interview G-0023-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durr, Virginia Foster
conducted by Sue Thrasher
In this fast-paced 1975 interview, Virginia Foster Durr and her husband Clifford banter back and forth as Clifford reminds Virginia of stories, names and significant events throughout the conversation. The interview begins where the previous one had left off, with Virginia's growing awareness of social problems in the South, and continues through 1948. The couple recount their move to Washington, D.C., and Virginia's disaffection with social society and her transition to political action.
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Oral History Interview with Virginia Grantham, March 6, 1985. Interview F-0017. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Grantham, Virginia and
Grantham, Virginia
conducted by Dallas Blanchard and Dallas Blanchard
Virginia Grantham discusses her thoughts on the Fellowship of Southern Churchman and her participation in it, primarily during the 1950s. In the interview, she focuses on such topics as leadership, socialism, and connections to the civil rights movement.
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Oral History Interview with Virginius Dabney, July 31, 1975. Interview A-0311-2. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Dabney, Virginius
conducted by Daniel Jordan and William H. Turpin
Virginius Dabney traces his involvement with the school desegregation crisis in post-1954 Virginia. Dabney's political and social beliefs about integration appeared in the newspaper he edited, the Richmond Times Dispatch. This interview spans the breadth of his career from the 1920s to the 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with Vivion Lenon Brewer, October 15, 1976. Interview G-0012. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Brewer, Vivion Lenon
conducted by Elizabeth Jacoway
In this interview, Vivion Lenon Brewer explains how her awareness of racial disparities caused her to support school desegregation in Little Rock, Arkansas. She discusses her leadership in pushing politicians to reopen the closed public schools during the 1958-1959 Little Rock school crisis.
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Oral History Interview with Walt Ulmer, November 20, 1998. Interview S-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ulmer, Walt
conducted by Joseph Mosnier
Walter F. Ulmer, Jr., served as the president for the Center for Creative Leadership, based in Greensboro, North Carolina, from 1985 to 1995. In this interview, Ulmer discusses various changes the Center underwent during his tenure, focusing primarily on the Center's rapid economic and geographic growth.
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Oral History Interview with Walter Durham, January 19 and 26, 2001. Interview K-0540. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Durham, Walter
conducted by Bob Gilgor
Walter Durham discusses coming of age during the 1950s and 1960s in Orange County, North Carolina. Walter Durham focuses especially on the process of school integration as it occurred in the merging of the all black Lincoln High School and the newly integrated Chapel Hill High School. According to Durham, this was a tense process in which many of the school traditions he fondly remembers from his days at Lincoln were lost in the transition to integrated schools.
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Oral History Interview with Wilbur Hobby, March 13, 1975. Interview E-0006. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hobby, Wilbur
conducted by Bill Finger
Wilbur Hobby describes growing up impoverished in Durham, North Carolina, during the Great Depression and his eventual involvement in the labor movement. Employed by the American Tobacco Company after World War II, he became an active member of the union and eventually became a leader in such organizations as the Voters for Better Government and the Committee for Public Education.
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Oral History Interview with Willa V. Robinson, January 14, 2004. Interview U-0014. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Robinson, Willa V.
conducted by Malinda Maynor
Residents of Maxton, N.C., respond to integration.
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Oral History Interview with William and Josephine Clement, June 19, 1986. Interview C-0031. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clement, William and
Clement, Josephine
conducted by Walter Weare and Juanita Weare
Josephine and William Clement were both born and raised in the South. Both describe their family backgrounds and education. Josephine focuses on race relations in Atlanta and her father's radical politics, while William describes his participation with the Masons and his work with North Carolina Mutual.
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Oral History Interview with William C. Friday, December 18, 1990. Interview L-0049. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Friday, William C.
conducted by Cindy Cheatham
Former President of the University of North Carolina, William C. Friday, describes his working relationship with Anne Queen, who was director of the campus YWCA and YMCA-YWCA from the late 1950s into the 1970s. Friday discusses Queen's relationship with students and her leadership qualities.
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Oral History Interview with William C. Friday, December 3, 1990. Interview L-0147. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Friday, William C.
conducted by William Link
President of the University of North Carolina System William Friday discusses his interaction with United States presidents from Herbert Hoover to George H.W. Bush. The bulk of the interview revolves around descriptions of Friday's work with Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, and Jimmy Carter on issues of higher education.
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Oral History Interview with William C. Friday, November 19, 1990. Interview L-0144. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Friday, William C.
conducted by William Link
Former president of the University of North Carolina System William Friday describes his relationship with and perception of his predecessors Frank Porter Graham and Gordon Gray. In addition, he describes various aspects of his own presidency, including his approach to desegregation and his relationships with a variety of individuals and organizations.
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Oral History Interview with William C. Friday, November 26, 1990. Interview L-0145. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Friday, William C.
conducted by William Link
President of the University of North Carolina System, William Friday, discusses the Speaker Ban Controversy at the University of North Carolina. The ban was enforced from 1963 to 1968 and forbade any communist—or anyone who refused during a formal hearing to disavow allegiance to communism—to speak on campus. Throughout the interview, Friday focuses on issues of academic freedom, his efforts to have the law overturned, and the broader social unrest that characterized campus politics during that era.
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Oral History Interview with William Culp, February 19, 1999. Interview K-0277. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Culp, William
conducted by Pamela Grundy
A white teacher recalls a harmonious racial atmosphere at West Charlotte High School during his short stint there in the 1970s.
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Oral History Interview with William Dallas Herring, February 14, 1987. Interview C-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Herring, William Dallas
conducted by Jay Jenkins
William Dallas Herring discusses his rise to membership and tenure on the North Carolina State Board of Education and the struggle to create a community college system.
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Oral History Interview with William Dallas Herring, May 16, 1987. Interview C-0035. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Herring, William Dallas
conducted by Jay Jenkins
William Dallas Herring, longtime chairman of the North Carolina State Board of Education, discusses the ins and outs of education in his state.
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Oral History Interview with William Gordon, January 19, 1991. Interview A-0364. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Gordon, William
conducted by John Egerton
African American journalist William Gordon describes growing up in the rural South in the 1920s and 1930s. Following his education at LeMoyne College in Memphis, Tennessee, and his service in the army during World War II, Gordon attended graduate school and became a journalist. He explains his relationship with civil rights advocates such as Ralph McGill and Herman Talmadge, and describes his perspective on changing race relations and the fall of Jim Crow segregation.
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Oral History Interview with William Hamlin, May 29, 1998. Interview K-0169. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Hamlin, William
conducted by Pamela Grundy
Former West Charlotte student muses about the school and the uncertain legacies of integration.
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Oral History Interview with William J. (Bill) Clinton, June 15, 1974. Interview A-0027. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Clinton, William J. (Bill Clinton)
conducted by Walter DeVries and Jack Bass
Bill Clinton discusses his victory in an Arkansas Democratic Congressional primary and his upcoming race against the incumbent Republican Congressman.
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Oral History Interview with William Patrick Murphy, January 17, 1978. Interview B-0043. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Murphy, William Patrick
conducted by Sean Devereux
Lawyer William Patrick Murphy describes his 1950s battle against segregation and his struggle to keep his job after his beliefs became public in Oxford, Mississippi. Murphy, who taught constitutional law at the University of Mississippi, used journal articles and his classroom to speak out in favor of the Brown decision. He recalls this tumultuous time and downplays his accomplishments in this interview.
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Oral History Interview with William W. Finlator, April 19, 1985. Interview C-0007. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Finlator, William W.
conducted by Jay Jenkins
The Reverend William W. Finlator speaks about his Christian devotion to racial and economic justice and his fear that the modern-day mingling of religion and politics is polluting both.
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Oral History Interview with Willie Mae Lee Crews, June 16, 2005. Interview U-0020. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Crews, Willie Mae Lee
conducted by Kimberly Hill
Willie Mae Crews, the daughter of a sharecropper, was a teacher at Hayes High School, an African American school in Birmingham, Alabama, during the 1960s and 1970s. Crews describes Hayes as an excellent segregated school that did not benefit from the desegregation that began during the 1970-1971 school year.
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Oral History Interview with Willie Snow Ethridge, December 15, 1975. Interview G-0024. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ethridge, Willie Snow
conducted by Lee Kessler
Willie Snow Ethridge discusses her career as a writer in the South and her efforts to combine work with family and marriage. In addition, she describes growing up in Georgia, gender expectations in the South, and her work in the anti-lynching movement.
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Oral History Interview with Zelma Montgomery Murray, March 4, 1976. Interview H-0034. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Murray, Zelma Montgomery
conducted by Brent Glass
A couple recalls living and working in the difficult conditions of North Carolina's cotton mill towns.
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Oral History Interview with Zeno Ponder, March 22, 1974. Interview A-0326. Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Ponder, Zeno
conducted by William Finger
Zeno Ponder is one of the most respected and influential leaders of Madison County, North Carolina. This interview begins with his descriptions of his family's activities in the area and local political traditions. Ponder briefly describes his experiences at local schools, including Mars Hill College. Ponder became involved in local politics through a training program and his brother's sheriff campaign.
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Order Coal Now : United States Fuel Administration
Leyendecker, J. C., 1874-1951
[United States]: The Administration, [between 1914 and 1918].
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The Order for Daily Morning and Evening Prayer, According to the Use of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Confederate States of America, Together with the Ante-Communion Office and a Selection of Occasional Prayers from Various Offices of the Book of Common Prayer
Protestant Episcopal Church in the Confederate States of America
Atlanta, Ga.: R.J. Maynard, 1863. 47 p.
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An Ordinance to Define and Punish Sedition
North Carolina. Convention (1861-1862)
[Raleigh, N. C.: John W. Syme, Printer to the Convention], 1861. 1 p.
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An Ordinance to Provide for the Care and Management of the Augusta Water Works, Passed February 1st, 1861
Augusta (Ga.). City Council
Augusta, Ga.: Printed at the office of the Constitutional, 1861. 11 p.
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An Ordinance to Supply the Place of Trustees Who Shall Fail to Discharge the Duties as Such for a Certain Time, December 20, 1799
University of North Carolina (1793-1962). Board of Trustees
1 pages, 2 page images.
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Ordinances and Constitution of the State of Alabama: With the Constitution of the Provisional Government and of the Confederate States of America
Convention of the People of the State of Alabama (1861: Montgomery)
Montgomery: Barrett, Wimbish & Co., Steam Printers and Binders, 1861. 152 p.
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Ordinances and Constitution of the State of South Carolina: with the Constitution of the Provisional Government and of the Confederate States of America
South Carolina. Convention (1860-1862)
Charleston: Evans & Cogswell, 1861. 96 p.
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Ordinances and Resolutions Passed by the State Convention
North Carolina. Convention (1861-1862)
[Raleigh]: Syme & Hall, Printers to the Convention, [1861]. 48 p.
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Ordinances and Resolutions Passed by the State Convention of North Carolina, 1861-62
North Carolina. Convention (1861-1862)
Raleigh: John W. Syme, Printer to the Convention, 1862. 175, [11] p.
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The Organized Work of Women in One State. From The Journal of Social Forces 1, no. 1 (November 1922): 50-55; no. 2 (January 1923): 173-177; no. 5 (September 1923): 613-615
Roberson, Nellie
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1922-1923. [2], 124 p.
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Original Acrostics on All the States and Presidents of the United States, and Various Other Subjects, Religious, Political, and Personal. Illustrated with Portraits of All the Presidents, and Engravings of Various Other Kinds
Blackwell, Robert, fl. 1861
Nashville, Tenn.: Published for the Author, 1861. 224 p.
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Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and His Future
Haygood, Atticus G. (Atticus Greene), 1839-1896
New York: Phillips & Hunt, 1881. 252 p.
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Our Cause in Harmony with the Purposes of God in Christ Jesus. A Sermon Preached in Christ Church, Savannah, on Thursday, September 18th, 1862, Being the Day Set Forth by the President of the Confederate States, as a Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving, for our Manifold Victories, and Especially for the Fields of Manassas and Richmond, Ky.
Elliott, Stephen, 1806-1866
Savannah: Power Press of John M. Cooper, 1862. 23 p.
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Our Daddy Is Fighting at the Front for You--Back Him Up : Buy a United States Gov't Bond of the 2nd Liberty Loan of 1917
Dewey
New York: T.F. Moore Co., [1917].
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Our Danger and Our Duty
Thornwell, James Henley, 1812-1862
Columbia, S. C.: Southern Guardian Steam-power Press, 1862. 14 p.
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Our Own Primary Grammar for the Use of Beginners
Smythe, Charles W. (Charles Winslow), 1829-1865?
Greensborough, N. C.: Sterling and Campbell, 1861. 72 p.
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Our Own Third Reader: for the Use of Schools and Families
Sterling, Richard, 1812-1883 and
Campbell, J. D. (James D.)
Greensboro, N. C.: Sterling, Campbell, and Albright, 1862. 224 p.
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Out of the Ditch. A True Story of an Ex-Slave
Lewis, J. Vance
Houston: Rein & Sons Co., Printers, 1910. 154 p.
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An Outline of Baptist History: A Splendid Reference for Busy Workers: A Record of the Struggles and Triumphs of Baptist Pioneers and Builders
Pius, N. H.
[S.l.: s.n., 1941?]. 154 p.
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Outlines of the Lectures on Chemistry, Mineralogy, & Geology Delivered at University of North-Carolina, for the Use of the Students
Olmsted, Denison, 1791-1859
Raleigh: J. Gales, 1819. 44 p.
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Over the Top for You : Buy U.S. Gov't. Bonds, Third Liberty Loan
Riesenberg, Sidney H., b. 1885
Phila.: Ketterlinus, [1917?].
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Overseas Cap
Umstead, William Bradley, 1895-1954
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Overview: 1820-1829
Lindemann, Erika
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Overview: 1830-39
Lindemann, Erika
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Overview: 1840-49
Lindemann, Erika
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Overview: 1850-59
Lindemann, Erika